EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate
EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate - Properties & Equivalents
Comprehensive technical data for EN10028-5 P420M thermomechanically rolled fine grain steel: chemical composition, mechanical properties at multiple thickness ranges, thermal and electrical physical properties, international equivalents, and application guidance for pressure vessel and boiler fabrication.
Thermomechanical rolling; can be welded, machined, and cold formed
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EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate Introduction
EN10028-5 P420M is a weldable fine grain steel supplied in the thermomechanically rolled (TMCP) condition, specifically designed for pressure vessels and boilers. It offers a minimum yield strength of 420 MPa in thinner gauges, excellent toughness down to -20°C (optionally -40°C), and good weldability due to its low carbon equivalent. The steel meets the requirements of European standard EN 10028-5, which covers flat products for pressure purposes made of thermomechanically rolled weldable fine grain steels. Typical applications include welded pressure vessels, heat exchangers, and storage tanks operating at moderate temperatures.
- High strength with good ductility
- Reliable notch toughness at low temperatures
- Excellent weldability, minimal preheating
- Uniform mechanical properties through thickness
EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of EN10028-5 P420M is designed to achieve high strength and toughness through grain refinement and precipitation hardening. Limits are set for residual elements to ensure weldability and resistance to embrittlement. Microalloying elements (Nb, Ti, V) are added singly or in combination, with a maximum sum of 0.15%.
| Chemical Element | Standard Value (wt%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.18 | |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.50 | |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤1.70 | |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.020 | |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.010 | |
| Aluminium (Al total) | ≥0.020 | Acid soluble |
| Niobium (Nb) | ≤0.05 | |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≤0.05 | |
| Vanadium (V) | ≤0.12 | |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤0.50 | |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤0.20 | |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤0.30 | |
| Chromium (Cr) | ≤0.30 | |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤0.020 | |
| Nb+V+Ti | ≤0.15 | Sum of microalloying elements |
EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate Thermal & Electrical Physical Properties
These physical properties are typical for fine grain structural steels and are not mandatory requirements of EN 10028-5. They provide guidance for design calculations, heat transfer analysis, and welding procedure development. Values are given at room temperature unless otherwise noted.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7850 | kg/m³ | at 20°C |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | 210 | GPa | at 20°C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 | GPa | at 20°C |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | at 20°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.0 | ×10⁻⁶ /K | 20 – 100°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 13.0 | ×10⁻⁶ /K | 20 – 200°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 14.0 | ×10⁻⁶ /K | 20 – 300°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 50 | W/(m·K) | at 20°C |
| Specific Heat Capacity (cₚ) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | at 20°C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρₑ) | 0.20 | ×10⁻⁶ Ω·m | at 20°C |
EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties are determined on transverse test pieces unless otherwise specified. The values apply to thermomechanically rolled condition. Yield strength and tensile strength vary with product thickness. Impact energy is verified on longitudinal Charpy V-notch specimens at -20°C; optionally a lower testing temperature of -40°C can be agreed.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥420 | MPa | thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥400 | MPa | thickness > 16 ≤ 40 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥390 | MPa | thickness > 40 ≤ 63 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥370 | MPa | thickness > 63 ≤ 80 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥360 | MPa | thickness > 80 ≤ 100 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥340 | MPa | thickness > 100 ≤ 120 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 500 – 660 | MPa | thickness ≤ 63 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 470 – 630 | MPa | thickness > 63 ≤ 100 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 460 – 620 | MPa | thickness > 100 ≤ 120 mm |
| Elongation (A) | ≥19 | % | thickness ≤ 63 mm, L₀=5.65√S₀ |
| Elongation (A) | ≥18 | % | thickness > 63 ≤ 120 mm, L₀=5.65√S₀ |
| Bend Test (180°) | D = 3a | – | thickness ≤ 63 mm |
| Bend Test (180°) | D = 4a | – | thickness > 63 ≤ 120 mm |
| Impact Energy (KV₂) | ≥27 | J | longitudinal, -20°C |
| Impact Energy (KV₂) – optional | ≥27 | J | longitudinal, -40°C (upon agreement) |
EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate Fully Equivalent Standards & Replaceable Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EN 10028-5 | P420M | Original specification |
| Germany | DIN EN 10028-5 | P420M | Identical |
| United Kingdom | BS EN 10028-5 | P420M | Identical |
| France | NF EN 10028-5 | P420M | Identical |
| International | ISO 9328-4 | P420M | Technically equivalent |
EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate Application Introduction
EN10028-5 P420M is widely used in welded pressure equipment where a combination of high strength, good low-temperature toughness, and excellent weldability is required. Its fine grain structure ensures resistance to brittle fracture and fatigue. The steel is suitable for moderately aggressive environments and can be post-weld heat treated if necessary.
Product Applications: Welded pressure vessels (horizontal & vertical), Boiler shells and drums, Heat exchangers and superheaters, Storage tanks for pressurised liquids, Process columns and towers
Processed into products: Cylindrical courses and shell plates, Dished ends and hemispherical heads, Tube plates and flanges, Manways and reinforcement pads, Bracket and saddle supports
Application industries: Oil & gas processing (pressure vessels, separators), Chemical & petrochemical plants (reactors, columns), Power generation (boiler drums, heat exchangers), Cryogenic engineering (with optional -40°C impact guarantee), Bulk storage (LPG, ammonia tanks)
EN10028-5 P420M Pressure Vessel & Boiler Steel Plate Similar / Alternative Material Recommendations
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EN 10025-4 | S420ML | Structural steel; verify pressure vessel certification |
| China | GB/T 713 | Q420R | Normalised, not TMCP; similar strength but different toughness guarantee |
| USA | ASTM A841/A841M | Grade B Class 2 | Thermomechanically processed; yield ~345 MPa, only comparable if design allows lower strength |
| Japan | JIS G3126 | SPV450 | Carbon steel for pressure vessels; yield ~410 MPa, check chemical compatibility |
Notes:
Welding: Low carbon equivalent (CEV typically 0.40–0.45) allows welding with minimal preheat. Suitable processes: SMAW, SAW, GMAW. Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT): Can be performed without significant strength loss if parameters are controlled. Testing: Ultrasonic testing to EN 10160 is commonly specified. Delivery condition: Plates are usually supplied as-rolled (TMCP) and may receive a tempering treatment at the manufacturer's discretion.
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