EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel
EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel - Carbon & Low-alloy High-strength Plate for Welded Constructions
Detailed material data for EN10025-2 S235J0 hot-rolled structural steel plate: chemical composition, mechanical properties, physical performance and equivalent grades according to European standard EN 10025-2.
Welding, bolting, riveting, cutting, bending, forming, machining, galvanizing
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EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel Introduction
S235J0 is a non-alloy structural steel grade defined in EN 10025-2, designed for hot-rolled products intended for welded, bolted and riveted structures. It offers a minimum yield strength of 235 MPa for thicknesses up to 16 mm and good weldability due to its low carbon content and controlled impurities. The 'J0' designation guarantees a minimum impact energy of 27 J at 0 °C, ensuring reliable toughness in moderate low-temperature service. This grade is widely used in general construction, machinery and engineering applications where cost-effective strength and adequate ductility are required. It can be delivered in various conditions, typically as-rolled or normalized, with surface qualities suitable for subsequent coating or painting.
EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel Chemical Composition
Values according to EN 10025-2:2004 for ladle analysis of S235J0. Elements not listed per standard shall not be intentionally added without the purchaser's agreement. Mn and Si ranges may vary with product thickness and deoxidation practice.
| Chemical Element | Standard Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| C (Carbon) | ≤ 0.17% | For thickness ≤ 40 mm; max 0.20% for > 40 mm |
| Si (Silicon) | ≤ 0.35% | Typically 0.10–0.35% for killed steel, may be lower |
| Mn (Manganese) | ≤ 1.40% | For long products max 1.50% may apply |
| P (Phosphorus) | ≤ 0.035% | Ladle analysis |
| S (Sulfur) | ≤ 0.035% | Ladle analysis |
| N (Nitrogen) | ≤ 0.012% | If total aluminum is ≥ 0.020% or other grain refiners |
| Cu (Copper) | ≤ 0.55% | For structural purposes; higher with agreement |
| Cr (Chromium) | ≤ 0.30% | Residual element, not normally specified |
| Ni (Nickel) | ≤ 0.30% | Residual element |
| Mo (Molybdenum) | ≤ 0.08% | Residual element |
| Al (Aluminum) | ≥ 0.020% | May be required for fine grain practice |
EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
Typical values at room temperature for carbon structural steel similar to S235J0. These properties are not specified in EN 10025-2 but are based on published data for low-carbon steel. Values may vary slightly with composition and heat treatment.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Conditions / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | At 20 °C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 210 | GPa | At 20 °C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | Calculated from E and ν |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.3 | - | Typical for structural steel |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 11.1 × 10⁻⁶ | 1/K | Between 20 °C and 100 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.5 × 10⁻⁶ | 1/K | Between 20 °C and 300 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 13.6 × 10⁻⁶ | 1/K | Between 20 °C and 500 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 53 | W/(m·K) | At 20 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 460 | J/(kg·K) | At 20–100 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.16 | Ω·mm²/m | At 20 °C |
EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel Mechanical Properties
Longitudinal test values from EN 10025-2:2004, valid for hot-rolled products in delivery condition +AR/+N. Impact energy is guaranteed at 0 °C for J0 grade. Bend test requires no cracks. Values for different thickness ranges are shown where applicable.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Conditions / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 235 | MPa | Nominal thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 225 | MPa | Nominal thickness 16 < t ≤ 40 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | Nominal thickness 40 < t ≤ 63 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | Nominal thickness 63 < t ≤ 80 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | Nominal thickness 80 < t ≤ 100 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 195 | MPa | Nominal thickness 100 < t ≤ 150 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 360 – 510 | MPa | Nominal thickness < 3 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 360 – 510 | MPa | Nominal thickness 3 ≤ t ≤ 100 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 350 – 500 | MPa | Nominal thickness 100 < t ≤ 150 mm |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 26 | % | Longitudinal, thickness ≤ 1 mm (gauge length 80 mm) |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 26 | % | Thickness 1 < t ≤ 1.5 mm (L₀ = 80 mm) |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 26 | % | Thickness 1.5 < t ≤ 2 mm (L₀ = 80 mm) |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 26 | % | Thickness 2 < t ≤ 2.5 mm (L₀ = 80 mm) |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 26 | % | Thickness 2.5 < t < 3 mm (L₀ = 80 mm) |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 26 | % | Thickness 3 ≤ t ≤ 40 mm (L₀ = 5.65√So) |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 25 | % | Thickness 40 < t ≤ 63 mm (proportional) |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 24 | % | Thickness 63 < t ≤ 100 mm |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 22 | % | Thickness 100 < t ≤ 150 mm |
| Impact Energy (KV) | ≥ 27 | J | Longitudinal, at 0 °C (J0), 10×10 mm specimen |
| Bend Test (bending angle) | No cracks | - | Mandrel diameter: 1a (t ≤ 16 mm), 2a (16 < t ≤ 100 mm), 3a (100 < t ≤ 150 mm); a = specimen thickness |
EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel Completely Equivalent Material Standards & Substitutable Grades
| Country / Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union / International | ISO 630-2 | S235J0 | Identical mechanical properties and chemistry, 0 °C impact |
| China | GB/T 700 | Q235C | Comparable yield & tensile, 0 °C impact; slight composition differences |
| Japan | JIS G3106 | SM400B | Welded structural steel, impact at 0 °C; comparable strength range |
| USA | ASTM A283/A283M | Grade D | Similar tensile strength; no impact requirement standardly, but can be specified |
EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel Application Introduction
S235J0 is a versatile structural steel suitable for a wide range of welded assemblies and load-bearing structures. It can be fabricated by all common methods and is frequently used where guaranteed notch toughness at 0 °C is required. Typical applications span from civil engineering to mechanical engineering.
Product Applications: Structural frameworks for industrial buildings, Welded bridge girders and box sections, Offshore platform decks and modules, Bulk storage tanks and silos, Crane booms and lifting equipment, Truck chassis frames, Lighting poles and masts, Pipe racks and support structures
Processed into products: Web and flange plates of welded I-beams, Gusset plates and connection brackets, Stiffeners and reinforcement ribs, Base plates for columns, Brackets and supports in machinery, Flanges for pipe connections, Bearing plates and shims, Pressed and bent parts for vehicle frames
Application industries: Construction and civil engineering, Bridge building, Offshore and marine structures (topsides), Storage tank manufacturing, Machinery and equipment manufacturing, Transportation and automotive (heavy vehicles), Power transmission towers, Agricultural equipment
EN10025-2 S235J0 Structural Steel Similar / Alternative Material Recommendations
| Country / Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235JR | J0 replaced by JR (impact at +20 °C); identical strength |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S275J0 | Higher strength grade (min 275 MPa) with 0 °C impact |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235J2 | Improved toughness at -20 °C |
| Russia / CIS | GOST 380 | St3sp | Similar carbon steel, often used without notched bar impact requirements |
| India | IS 2062 | E250 B | Grade with 0 °C impact; comparable strength |
Notes:
Important Notes: The actual mechanical properties can be affected by the final processing conditions and the product thickness. For design purposes, refer to the relevant Eurocode (EN 1993-1-1) and consider the reduction factors for thin gauge materials. When supplied as +AR condition, the plate may require normalizing after severe forming to restore toughness. For improved atmospheric corrosion resistance, consider specifying copper-bearing grades or apply protective coatings.
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