ASTM A514 Grade B (A514GRB) High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate
ASTM A514 Grade B (A514GRB) High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate - Properties & Equivalents
Comprehensive technical data for ASTM A514 Grade B (A514GRB) steel plate: chemical composition, mechanical properties, thermal and electrical data, international equivalents, and application guide.
Welding, bending, machining, cold forming (limited), hot forming (with reheat treatment)
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ASTM A514 Grade B High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Introduction
ASTM A514 Grade B is a high-strength, low-alloy structural steel plate produced by quenching and tempering. It offers a minimum yield strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) and excellent toughness, weldability, and formability. This grade is specifically designed for structural applications where weight savings and high strength are critical.
- Excellent strength-to-weight ratio
- Good impact toughness at low temperatures
- Suitable for welded structures without preheating under controlled conditions
ASTM A514 Grade B High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of ASTM A514 Grade B is controlled to ensure deep hardenability after quenching and tempering. Boron and aluminum additions refine grain size and improve hardenability.
- Low carbon content provides good weldability.
- Chromium and molybdenum enhance strength and tempering resistance.
| Element | Standard Value (wt.%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.12 – 0.21 | Provides core strength |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.70 – 1.00 | Deoxidizer, improves hardenability |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.030 | Residual element |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 | Residual element |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.20 – 0.35 | Deoxidizer |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.40 – 0.65 | Improves corrosion resistance and hardenability |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.15 – 0.25 | Increases high-temperature strength |
| Boron (B) | 0.0005 – 0.005 | Powerful hardenability enhancer |
| Aluminum (Al) | ≥ 0.018 | Grain refiner, mandatory for fine grain practice |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤ 0.40 | Residual element (if specified) |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤ 0.25 | Residual element (if specified) |
| Vanadium (V) | ≤ 0.08 | Residual element (if specified) |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≤ 0.02 | Residual element (if specified) |
ASTM A514 Grade B High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Typical Physical and Thermal Properties
Representative physical properties for ASTM A514 Grade B steel at room temperature unless specified otherwise. Thermal expansion and conductivity values are approximate and may vary with heat treatment.
- Density is based on alloy content.
- Modulus values are valid for static loading.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Condition / Temperature |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | 20 °C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 205 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.29 | – | Room temperature |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.7 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–100 °C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 12.2 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–200 °C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 12.8 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–300 °C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 42 | W/(m·K) | 20 °C |
| Specific heat capacity (cp) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20 °C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρe) | 0.22 | µΩ·m | 20 °C |
ASTM A514 Grade B High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Mechanical Properties
Tensile and bend properties according to ASTM A514/A514M standard. Properties depend on plate thickness. Impact test values are optional and may be agreed upon.
- Yield strength is measured at 0.2% offset (ReH).
- Bend tests are performed on specimens machined across the rolling direction.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Condition / Thickness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 690 | MPa | t ≤ 63.5 mm (2.5 in.) |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 620 | MPa | 63.5 < t ≤ 102 mm (2.5–4 in.) |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 760 – 895 | MPa | t ≤ 63.5 mm (2.5 in.) |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 690 – 895 | MPa | 63.5 < t ≤ 102 mm (2.5–4 in.) |
| Elongation (A) in 2 in. (50 mm) | ≥ 18 | % | t ≤ 19.0 mm (3/4 in.) |
| Elongation (A) in 2 in. (50 mm) | ≥ 16 | % | 19.0 < t ≤ 63.5 mm (3/4–2.5 in.) |
| Bend Test (180°) – bend diameter | 2t | – | t ≤ 19.0 mm (3/4 in.) |
| Bend Test (180°) – bend diameter | 2.5t | – | 19.0 < t ≤ 50.8 mm (3/4–2 in.) |
| Bend Test (180°) – bend diameter | 3t | – | 50.8 < t ≤ 102 mm (2–4 in.) |
ASTM A514 Grade B High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Complete Equivalent Standards and Substitutable Grades
| Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10025-6 | S690QL / 1.8928 | Closest match; check plate thickness and impact requirements. |
| International | ISO 4950-2 | S690Q | Similar quenched and tempered high yield strength steel. |
| Japan | JIS G 3128 | SHY685 | Yield 685 MPa min; chemical composition differs slightly. |
| China | GB/T 16270 | Q690E | High strength structural plate, equivalent performance. |
| UK | BS 7613 | 690QL | Now superseded by EN 10025-6, but identical in usage. |
| Germany | DIN EN 10025-6 | S690QL | Same as EN 10025-6; directly substitutable. |
ASTM A514 Grade B High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Application Introduction
ASTM A514 Grade B is widely used in heavy structural engineering where weight reduction without sacrificing strength is paramount. Its high yield strength allows lighter sections, and good toughness ensures reliability under dynamic loads. Typical applications include:
Product Applications: Mobile crane booms and outriggers, Bridge girders and support beams, Mining truck bodies and excavator booms, Pressure vessel shells and heads, Offshore platform lifting frames, Hydraulic press components
Processed into products: Welded structural beams (fabricated by submerged arc welding or GMAW), Flanges and stiffeners for heavy columns, Pinned connections and eye bars, Bucket and shovel wear plates, Transition pieces in wind turbine towers
Application industries: Construction & Infrastructure, Mining Equipment, Crane Manufacturing, Offshore & Marine Engineering, Pressure Vessel Fabrication, Transportation (heavy trailers, rail)
ASTM A514 Grade B High-Strength Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate Similar / Closely Related Material Recommendations
| Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM A517 | Grade B | Boiler and pressure vessel plate; similar composition but different test requirements. |
| USA | ASTM A709 | Grade 100W | Bridge steel with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance. |
| USA | MIL-S-16216 | Type HY-100 | Higher Ni content for naval applications; similar yield strength. |
| Europe | EN 10025-6 | S890QL | Higher strength (890 MPa) but similar usage; requires more careful welding. |
| Japan | JIS G 3106 | SM570 | Hot-rolled high strength steel without full Q&T; lower strength. |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q550D | Lower strength category, but suitable for less demanding structures. |
Notes:
Welding recommendations: Due to the quenched and tempered condition, heat input must be controlled to avoid softening in the heat-affected zone. Preheating is generally not required for thicknesses up to 50 mm, but low-hydrogen consumables are mandatory. Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is typically avoided to maintain strength. Cutting and forming: Plasma or laser cutting is recommended; cold forming should be followed by stress relieving if strain exceeds 5%.
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