Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate
Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate - GB/T 16270 Grade for Heavy-Load Structures
Q500E is a Chinese standard high-strength quenched and tempered structural steel plate with minimum yield strength 500 MPa and guaranteed toughness at -40°C. Ideal for heavy machinery, bridges, and offshore structures.
Hot rolling, controlled rolling, quenching and tempering, machining, welding
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Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate Introduction
Q500E is a high-strength low-alloy structural steel produced to GB/T 16270 (Quenched and Tempered High Strength Structural Steel Plates). With a minimum yield strength of 500 MPa and excellent low-temperature toughness (impact energy ≥34 J at -40 °C), this grade offers an optimal balance of strength, weldability, and formability. It is typically delivered in the quenched and tempered condition, achieving its mechanical properties through controlled rolling and heat treatment. The addition of microalloying elements like Nb, V, Ti, and Cr refines the grain structure and enhances both strength and notch toughness. Q500E is widely used in demanding applications where weight reduction and high load-bearing capacity are crucial.
Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of Q500E steel according to GB/T 16270 is designed to ensure high strength and low-temperature toughness. Microalloying elements may be added singly or in combination to achieve the required properties. The values below are maximum limits unless a range is indicated.
| Element | Standard Value (max, %) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.20 | Carbon equivalent (CEV) commonly ≤0.47% |
| Si | 0.80 | |
| Mn | 1.70 | Higher Mn content improves hardenability and strength |
| P | 0.020 | Low phosphorus for better toughness |
| S | 0.010 | Low sulfur for improved cleanliness and formability |
| Nb | 0.11 | Grain refiner, may be added as needed |
| V | 0.12 | Precipitation strengthening, optional |
| Ti | 0.20 | Grain refinement and nitrogen fixation, optional |
| Cr | 1.50 | Increases hardenability, optional |
| Ni | 1.00 | Enhances low-temperature toughness, optional |
| Mo | 0.50 | Improves hardenability and creep resistance, optional |
| B | 0.005 | Trace boron for hardenability, optional |
Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
The following physical properties are typical for low-alloy structural steels and are provided as reference data. These values are not specified in GB/T 16270 but are often used for design and simulation purposes.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | Room temperature |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | 210 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | Room temperature |
| Thermal Expansion (α) | 11.6 × 10⁻⁶ | K⁻¹ | 20 – 100 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 45 | W/(m·K) | 20 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρₑ) | 0.20 × 10⁻⁶ | Ω·m | 20 °C |
Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties are determined in accordance with GB/T 228 and GB/T 229 for the quenched and tempered condition. The values below are guaranteed minimums for the specified thickness ranges. The impact test temperature for grade E is -40°C.
| Property | Standard Value | Unit | Test Condition / Thickness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥500 | MPa | t ≤ 50 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥480 | MPa | 50 mm < t ≤ 100 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥440 | MPa | 100 mm < t ≤ 150 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 610 – 770 | MPa | t ≤ 100 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 590 – 740 | MPa | 100 mm < t ≤ 150 mm |
| Elongation (A, 5.65√S0) | ≥17 | % | t ≤ 50 mm |
| Elongation (A, 5.65√S0) | ≥17 | % | t > 50 mm |
| Impact Energy (KV2) | ≥34 (longitudinal) | J | -40 °C, V-notch |
| Bend Test (180°) | d = 3a | – | a = specimen thickness, no cracks |
Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Replacement Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 16270 | Q500E | Original standard grade |
| Europe | EN 10025-6 | S500QL (1.8909) | Comparable quenched & tempered grade with -40°C impact requirement |
| Germany | DIN EN 10025-6 | S500QL | Identical to European standard |
| International | ISO 4950-2 | E500DD | Close in strength but may differ in impact test temperature |
Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate Application Introduction
Q500E is designed for welded structures operating under severe loads and low temperatures. Its high yield strength allows weight reduction in mobile equipment and large-scale constructions. Preheating and post-weld heat treatment may be required depending on thickness and hydrogen potential. Typical fabrication processes include cutting, cold forming, and welding with low-hydrogen consumables.
Product Applications: Mobile crane booms and outriggers, Excavator buckets and arms, Mining truck frames and dump bodies, Offshore platform structural components, Long-span bridge girders, Wind turbine towers and transition pieces
Processed into products: Welded box sections and beams, High-stress structural brackets, Flanges and stiffeners, Heavy-duty shaft supports, Reinforcement plates, Custom weldments for heavy machinery
Application industries: Heavy machinery, Construction and earthmoving equipment, Offshore and marine engineering, Bridge building, Mining and mineral processing, Pressure vessel and boiler fabrication
Q500E High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel Plate Similar or Alternative Material Recommendations
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 16270 | Q500D | Same strength, higher impact temperature (-20°C) |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q460E | Nominal yield strength 460 MPa, -40°C impact |
| Europe | EN 10025-3 | S460N/NL | Normalized steel, lower strength but good toughness |
| USA | ASTM A514/A514M | Grade B | Quenched & tempered, yield 690 MPa, similar use |
| Japan | JIS G 3136 | SN490B | 590 MPa tensile class, building structure, not fully equivalent |
Notes:
For thicknesses above 150 mm, mechanical properties shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Carbon equivalent (CEV) is typically ≤0.47% for thicknesses up to 50 mm to ensure good weldability. Additional requirements such as through-thickness tensile testing (Z-quality) or ultrasonic testing can be specified at the time of order.
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