GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 (1Cr18Ni12) Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil
10Cr18Ni12 (1Cr18Ni12) Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil per GB/T4237
Explore the data sheet of 10Cr18Ni12 (1Cr18Ni12) austenitic stainless steel, a high‑nickel grade for deep drawing and non‑magnetic applications, conforming to GB/T4237. Includes chemistry, mechanical and physical properties, international equivalents, and application guidance.
Hot rolling, solution annealing, pickling, descaling, cold rolling (optional), cutting, welding, forming, deep drawing, spinning
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GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil Introduction
10Cr18Ni12 (formerly designated 1Cr18Ni12) is a chromium‑nickel austenitic stainless steel specified in GB/T4237 for hot‑rolled plates and coils. It is essentially the Chinese counterpart of AISI 305 (UNS S30500) and EN 1.4303. The steel features a low carbon content (≤0.12%) combined with approximately 18% Cr and 12% Ni, which imparts excellent formability, deep drawability, and resistance to work hardening. Owing to its fully austenitic microstructure, it remains non‑magnetic even after severe deformation. This grade offers good corrosion resistance in mildly aggressive environments and is typically supplied in the solution‑annealed condition. Common applications include kitchenware, automotive trim, architectural panels, and components requiring repeated cold forming.
GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil Chemical Composition
Chemical limits according to GB/T 20878 (referenced by GB/T4237). Single values are maximums unless a range is given. The composition is balanced to ensure a stable austenitic structure and good formability.
| Element | Standard Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.12 | |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 1.00 | |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.00 | |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.045 | |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.030 | |
| Chromium (Cr) | 17.00 – 19.00 | Essential for corrosion resistance |
| Nickel (Ni) | 11.00 – 13.00 | Stabilizes austenite and improves formability |
| Nitrogen (N) | Not specified | Generally ≤ 0.10 in similar grades |
GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
The following physical constants are representative for 10Cr18Ni12 (AISI 305 type) in the solution‑annealed condition. Actual values may vary slightly with exact composition and processing history. Data sourced from published literature for 18Cr‑12Ni austenitic stainless steels.
- Density comparable to other 300‑series stainless steels.
- Thermal conductivity is lower than carbon steel, which should be considered during welding or heat transfer.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.93 | g/cm³ | 20 °C |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | 193 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 78 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.30 | ‑‑ | 20 °C |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (α) | 17.2 | 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ (µm/m·°C) | 20 °C – 100 °C |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (α) | 17.8 | 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ (µm/m·°C) | 20 °C – 300 °C |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (α) | 18.5 | 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ (µm/m·°C) | 20 °C – 500 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 16.2 | W/(m·K) | 100 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 21.5 | W/(m·K) | 500 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity (cp) | 500 | J/(kg·K) | 0 – 100 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρe) | 0.72 | μΩ·m | 20 °C |
GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil Mechanical Properties
Minimum mechanical properties for solution‑annealed hot‑rolled plate/coil as required by GB/T4237. All values are measured at room temperature. The grade exhibits a very low yield strength, enabling extensive cold forming without cracking.
- Elongation is guaranteed on gauge length of 50 mm (or proportional).
- Hardness values are maximum limits.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | ≥ 480 | MPa | Room temperature, solution annealed |
| Yield Strength (Rp0.2) | ≥ 175 | MPa | Room temperature, solution annealed |
| Elongation after Fracture (A) | ≥ 40 | % | Gauge length 50 mm (or 5.65√S₀) |
| Brinell Hardness (HBW) | ≤ 187 | HBW | As delivered, typical |
| Rockwell Hardness (HRB) | ≤ 90 | HRB | As delivered, typical |
| Vickers Hardness (HV) | ≤ 200 | HV | As delivered, typical |
GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil Exact Equivalent Materials
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM A240/A240M | UNS S30500 (AISI 305) | Identical nominal composition; widely used for deep‑drawn parts. |
| Europe | EN 10028‑7 / EN 10088‑2 | 1.4303 (X4CrNi18‑12) | C ≤ 0.06 max typical, but otherwise same Cr/Ni range; direct substitute. |
| Japan | JIS G4304 | SUS305 | Very close match; shipped in similar annealed condition. |
| International | ISO 15510 | X4CrNi18‑12 | Corresponds to EN 1.4303; technically equivalent. |
GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil Application Introduction
10Cr18Ni12 excels in applications demanding severe cold forming, low work‑hardening rate, and non‑magnetic characteristics. Its high nickel content prevents strain‑induced martensite transformation, allowing repeated draws without intermediate annealing. Typical uses span household goods, transportation, and light industrial equipment.
- Not recommended for chloride‑rich environments where pitting resistance (PREN) of this 18Cr grade is limited.
- Excellent weldability by all common methods; welding consumables should match the base metal composition.
Product Applications: Stainless steel sinks and basins, Deep‑drawn pots, pans and mixing bowls, Automotive wheel covers, exhaust trim, Elevator cabin panels and escalator skirts, Heat exchangers (low‑temperature side), Flexible metal hoses
Processed into products: Deep‑drawn cylindrical casings, Pressed and spun shells, Non‑magnetic washers, rivets, bolts, Cold‑formed structural brackets, Retaining rings and spring clips, Reaction vessels with moderate corrosion requirement
Application industries: Cookware & Catering Equipment, Automotive Trim & Interior Parts, Architecture & Construction (decorative panels, handrails), Chemical Processing (mildly corrosive media), Consumer Electronics (non‑magnetic fasteners, springs), Medical Devices (non‑implant, sterilizable components)
GB/T4237 10Cr18Ni12 Austenitic Stainless Steel Plate/Coil Similar / Comparable Substitute Materials
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T4237 | 06Cr19Ni10 (0Cr18Ni9, AISI 304) | Lower Ni (~8‑10.5%) → slightly higher work‑hardening rate; still widely used for formed parts but may require more frequent annealing. |
| USA | ASTM A240 | UNS S30400 (304) | Most common substitute; inferior deep drawability compared to 10Cr18Ni12 due to lower Ni, but higher availability and lower cost. |
| Europe | EN 10088‑2 | 1.4301 (X5CrNi18‑10) | Similar to 304; not a full equivalent but often used when formability requirements are moderate. |
| China | GB/T4237 | 12Cr17Ni7 (1Cr17Ni7, AISI 301) | Higher C content (≥0.15) and lower Ni → higher strength and work‑hardening rate; suitable where higher strength is needed after forming, but less formable than 10Cr18Ni12. |
Notes:
Product condition: Supplied in solution‑annealed and descaled state. Surfaces are typically No.1 for hot‑rolled plate/coil; subsequent cold rolling can provide 2B, No.4, or BA finishes. Corrosion resistance: Comparable to Type 304 in mild atmospheres and many organic/chemical media; however, it is not recommended for seawater or high‑chloride environments. Magnetic permeability: Remains below 1.02 (essentially non‑magnetic) even after severe cold work, making it suitable for electronic and medical applications where magnetic materials must be avoided.
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