DIN 17102 StE460 (EStE460) Automobile Structure Steel
DIN 17102 StE460 (EStE460) Automobile Structure Steel - Properties & Equivalents
Detailed chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of StE460 (EStE460) steel per DIN 17102, a fine-grain structural steel grade designed for automotive welded assemblies, with full equivalent grades and application examples.
Welding, cold forming, hot forming, machining, cutting
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DIN 17102 StE460 Automobile Structure Steel Introduction
StE460 (often referred to as EStE460) is a normalized fine-grain structural steel defined in the German standard DIN 17102. It belongs to the group of weldable high-strength low-alloy steels with a minimum yield strength of 460 MPa. The steel is characterized by its excellent combination of high strength, good toughness and superior weldability, achieved through fine-grain practice using aluminium and/or microalloying elements such as niobium, vanadium or titanium.
The material is supplied in the normalized condition (or equivalent rolling process) and is primarily used for heavily loaded welded structures in automotive engineering, such as chassis frames, cross members and reinforcement components. It also finds application in crane, bridge and heavy machinery construction where weight reduction and high fatigue resistance are essential.
DIN 17102 StE460 Automobile Structure Steel Chemical Composition
Ladle analysis according to DIN 17102 for StE460. The steel is aluminium-killed and optionally microalloyed with Nb, V or Ti to ensure fine-grain structure. Values shown are maximum limits unless a range is given.
| Element | Standard Value (%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.20 | Max |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.50 | Max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.00 – 1.70 | Range |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.035 | Max |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.030 | Max |
| Aluminium (Altotal) | ≥0.020 | Minimum dissolved Al for grain refinement |
| Niobium (Nb) | ≤0.05 | Optional microalloy |
| Vanadium (V) | ≤0.10 | Optional microalloy |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≤0.05 | Optional microalloy |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤0.020 | Max, if not bound by Ti |
DIN 17102 StE460 Automobile Structure Steel Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
Representative physical properties for normalized fine-grain structural steel of the 460 MPa yield strength class. These values are indicative for room temperature unless stated otherwise.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | At 20°C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 210 | GPa | At 20°C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | ≈80 | GPa | Calculated from E and ν |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | At 20°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.0 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–100°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 13.0 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–200°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 50 | W/(m·K) | At 20°C |
| Specific Heat Capacity (cp) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | At 20°C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρe) | 0.23 | µΩ·m | At 20°C |
DIN 17102 StE460 Automobile Structure Steel Mechanical Properties
Test pieces taken in the transverse direction for flat products; values apply to thicknesses ≤16 mm unless otherwise noted. Impact test on Charpy-V longitudinal specimens. Data extracted from DIN 17102 and related normalized S460 specifications.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥460 | MPa | Upper yield, t ≤16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥450 | MPa | 16 < t ≤40 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥440 | MPa | 40 < t ≤63 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 530 – 720 | MPa | t ≤63 mm |
| Elongation (A) | ≥17 | % | Gauge length L0 = 5.65√S0, t ≤63 mm |
| Impact Energy (KV) | ≥27 (≥40 for S460N) | J | Longitudinal Charpy-V at -20°C, typical |
| Bend Test (Mandrel Diameter) | 3×thickness (a) | – | 180° bend, t ≤16 mm |
DIN 17102 StE460 Automobile Structure Steel Complete Equivalent Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10025-3 | S460N | Normalized fine-grain steel, direct replacement |
| International | ISO 630-3 | S460N | Normalized structural steel plate |
| Italy | UNI 7382 | FeE 460 KGN | Obsolete but equivalent |
| France | NF A36-201 | E 460 R | Obsolete, replaced by EN |
| United Kingdom | BS 4360 | 55 F | Obsolete, comparable normalized HSLA steel |
DIN 17102 StE460 Automobile Structure Steel Application Introduction
StE460 steel is engineered for welded, highly stressed structures where weight saving and reliable toughness are critical. It is extensively used in the automotive sector but also excels in heavy engineering applications. The steel can be processed by all common methods including gas cutting, plasma cutting, shield metal arc welding and cold bending.
Product Applications: Vehicle chassis and subframes, Box beams, cross members and longitudinal rails, Trailer and semi-trailer frames, Boom segments for mobile cranes and concrete pumps, Welded I-beams and box girders, Mining machinery bodies and buckets
Processed into products: Automotive frame long beams and cross bracing, Suspension control arms and mounting brackets, Structural reinforcements and gusset plates, Bolted and pinned connection plates, Weld-in axle-housings, Heavy-duty bearing housings
Application industries: Automotive and commercial vehicle manufacturing, Earth-moving and agricultural machinery, Crane and lifting equipment, Bridge building, Shipbuilding and offshore engineering, Pressure vessel and boiler fabrication
DIN 17102 StE460 Automobile Structure Steel Similar Steels with Closely Matching Properties
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA/International | ASTM A572/A572M | Grade 65 | Yield 450 MPa, not fully matching 460 MPa |
| Japan | JIS G3106 | SM570 | Yield ≥460 MPa (t≤16 mm), TS 570–720 MPa |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q460D | Yield ≥460 MPa, TMCP or normalized option |
| India | IS 2062 | E450 | Yield 450 MPa minimum, microalloyed |
| Russia | GOST 19281 | 10G2SB | High-strength low-alloy steel with 460 MPa class |
Notes:
StE460 is typically delivered with test certificate 3.1 according to EN 10204. Welding procedures should comply with EN 1011 and may require preheating above 20 mm thickness. The steel exhibits good cold formability with a recommended minimum bending radius of 2×t (t = thickness) transverse to the rolling direction. Although the designation 'EStE460' appears in some legacy material databases, it refers to the same steel as StE460 under DIN 17102.
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