Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel
EN 10083-3 37Cr4 Quenched & Tempered Steel – Properties, Equivalents & Applications
Complete technical data for 37Cr4 high-alloy steel plate per EN 10083-3. Find chemical composition, mechanical & thermal physical properties, international equivalents, and application guidelines.
Hot rolling, forging, quenching and tempering, spheroidized annealing, bright drawing, machining
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Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel Introduction
37Cr4 is a chromium alloyed quenched and tempered steel specified in European standard EN 10083-3. It is characterized by medium carbon content with chromium addition, providing good hardenability, high strength, and moderate toughness after appropriate heat treatment (quenching and tempering, +QT). The steel is widely used for components subjected to moderate stresses in the automotive and mechanical engineering industries. Typical delivery conditions are as-rolled, spheroidized annealed (+A), or quenched and tempered. In the +QT condition, 37Cr4 offers a combination of tensile strength ranging from 650 to 950 MPa depending on the cross-section, together with adequate ductility and impact resistance.
Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel Chemical Composition
The chemical composition according to EN 10083-3 for 37Cr4 steel. Elements not listed, such as nickel and molybdenum, are residual and not intentionally added. The limits ensure consistent hardenability and mechanical properties after heat treatment.
| Element | Standard Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.34 – 0.41 | |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.40 | |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60 – 0.90 | |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.035 | |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.035 | |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.90 – 1.20 |
Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel Thermal & Electrical Physical Properties
Typical physical properties of 37Cr4 steel at room temperature unless otherwise indicated. These values are informative and may vary slightly depending on exact composition and heat treatment condition.
| Property | Standard Required Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | 20 °C |
| Elastic modulus (E) | 210 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Shear modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | 20 °C, calculated from E and ν |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.3 | — | 20 °C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.1 × 10⁻⁶ | K⁻¹ | 20 – 100 °C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 42 | W/(m·K) | 100 °C |
| Specific heat capacity (cp) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20 – 200 °C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρe) | 0.20 – 0.25 | μΩ·m | 20 °C |
Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel Mechanical Properties
Mechanical requirements at room temperature for 37Cr4 in the quenched and tempered condition as specified in EN 10083-3. Values are minimum unless otherwise stated. The properties depend on the ruling section diameter. Testing is performed on longitudinal samples according to the standard.
| Property | Standard Required Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 550 | MPa | Diameter d ≤ 16 mm, +QT |
| Yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 460 | MPa | 16 < d ≤ 40 mm, +QT |
| Yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 370 | MPa | 40 < d ≤ 100 mm, +QT |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 800 – 950 | MPa | d ≤ 16 mm, +QT |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 700 – 850 | MPa | 16 < d ≤ 40 mm, +QT |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 650 – 800 | MPa | 40 < d ≤ 100 mm, +QT |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 13 | % | d ≤ 16 mm, +QT |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 15 | % | 16 < d ≤ 40 mm, +QT |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 16 | % | 40 < d ≤ 100 mm, +QT |
| Impact energy (KV, ISO-V) | ≥ 35 | J | all thicknesses, +QT, at room temperature |
Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Replaceable Grade Recommendations
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10083-3 | 37Cr4 | Original designation |
| International | ISO 683-18 | 37Cr4 | Direct equivalent |
| Germany | DIN 17200 (withdrawn) | 37Cr4 | Historical equivalent |
| France | NF A35-552 | 38C4 | Near identical composition and mechanical properties |
| Italy | UNI 7845 | 37Cr4 | Designation matches European grade |
Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel Application Introduction
37Cr4 steel is primarily used in the quenched and tempered condition for components requiring a high strength-to-weight ratio and moderate wear resistance. Typical applications involve medium-duty dynamically loaded parts. Machining is possible in the spheroidized annealed condition, while welding requires special precautions due to its carbon and chromium content. The material is suitable for induction hardening of surface layers.
Product Applications: Transmission shafts, Gears and pinions, Connecting rods, Bolts and studs for high-stress applications, Axles and spindles, Hydraulic cylinder rods
Processed into products: Splined shafts, Steering knuckles, Crankshafts (medium duty), Camshafts, Wheel hubs, Fasteners of property class 8.8 to 10.9 (when quenched and tempered)
Application industries: Automotive and transportation, General mechanical engineering, Agricultural machinery, Hydraulic equipment, Industrial gear manufacturing
Comprehensive Analysis of EN10083-3 37Cr4 Alloy Steel Similar / Alternative Materials Recommendation
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 3077 | 40Cr | Slightly higher carbon range; broadly interchangeable after adjusting heat treatment |
| Japan | JIS G4053 | SCr440 | Carbon 0.38 – 0.43, Cr 0.90 – 1.20; comparable hardenability and strength |
| USA | ASTM A29/A29M | 5140 | Similar chromium alloy steel with C around 0.38 – 0.43; check specific heat treatment requirements |
| UK | BS 970-1 | 530A36 | Comparable mechanical properties but slightly different composition limits |
Notes:
Heat treatment recommendations: hardening at 840–870 °C followed by oil or water quenching; tempering at 540–680 °C depending on desired strength level. Stress relieve at 600–650 °C after welding or heavy machining. Spheroidizing annealing performed at 680–720 °C to improve machinability. Surface hardening by induction or flame is possible. Not recommended for use in contact with hydrogen-bearing environments at elevated temperatures without appropriate testing.
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