X6Cr13 (1.4000) Ferritic Stainless Steel
X6Cr13 (1.4000) Ferritic Stainless Steel: Composition, Properties & Global Equivalents
Detailed analysis of X6Cr13 stainless steel per EN 10088-1, including chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties, international equivalents, similar grades, and application guidance.
Cold forming, bending, welding, machining
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X6Cr13 Ferritic Stainless Steel Introduction
X6Cr13, designated as 1.4000 in the European standard EN 10088-1, is a ferritic chromium stainless steel with 12–14% Cr. It offers good corrosion resistance in mildly aggressive environments, combined with moderate strength and excellent formability. As a ferritic grade, it is magnetic, cannot be hardened by heat treatment, and provides a cost-effective alternative to austenitic steels where high toughness is not essential. Typical delivery condition is annealed, providing a balanced microstructure for cold forming, bending, and welding.
X6Cr13 Ferritic Stainless Steel Chemical Composition
Chemical composition limits for X6Cr13 according to EN 10088-1. Chromium provides the ferritic structure and corrosion resistance. Carbon is kept low to avoid martensite formation. Nickel is a residual element and not intentionally added.
| Element | Standard Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.08 | |
| Si | ≤ 1.00 | |
| Mn | ≤ 1.00 | |
| P | ≤ 0.040 | |
| S | ≤ 0.015 | |
| Cr | 12.00 - 14.00 | |
| Ni | ≤ 0.50 | Residual |
X6Cr13 Ferritic Stainless Steel Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
Typical physical properties of X6Cr13 at room temperature (20°C) and elevated temperatures. Thermal conductivity is moderate for stainless steels. Electrical resistivity is relatively high. These values are representative for annealed material.
| Property | Standard Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.7 | g/cm³ | 20°C |
| Elastic modulus (E) | 200 | GPa | 20°C |
| Shear modulus (G) | 77 | GPa | 20°C |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.30 | - | 20°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 10.5 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 - 100°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.0 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 - 200°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 25 | W/(m·K) | 100°C |
| Specific heat capacity | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20°C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.60 | µΩ·m | 20°C |
X6Cr13 Ferritic Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties
Room temperature mechanical properties for cold-rolled or hot-rolled strip/plate in annealed condition according to EN 10088-2. Yield strength and tensile strength are well balanced for forming. Elongation indicates good ductility. Hardness values are for reference.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength (Rp0.2) | ≥ 240 | MPa | Room temperature, thickness ≤ 8 mm |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 450 - 600 | MPa | Room temperature, thickness ≤ 8 mm |
| Elongation (A80) | ≥ 15 | % | Gauge length 80 mm, thickness < 3 mm |
| Elongation (A5) | ≥ 15 | % | Gauge length 5×diameter, thickness ≥ 3 mm |
| Hardness | ≤ 200 | HB | Annealed, typical maximum |
X6Cr13 Ferritic Stainless Steel Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Substitutable Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10088-1 | X6Cr13 (1.4000) | Original grade |
| International | ISO 15510 | X6Cr13 | Equivalent |
| China | GB/T 20878 / GB/T 3280 | 06Cr13 (S11306) | Chemical match |
| USA | ASTM A240 | 410S (UNS S41008) | Low-carbon 13Cr ferritic |
| Japan | JIS G4304 | SUS410S | Equivalent |
X6Cr13 Ferritic Stainless Steel Application Introduction
X6Cr13 is suitable for applications requiring moderate corrosion resistance and good formability at moderate cost. It performs well in mildly acidic or atmospheric environments but is not recommended for chloride-rich or highly corrosive media. Heat treatment after forming is not required; it can be used directly in the annealed condition.
Product Applications: Dishwasher tubs and racks, Washing machine inner and outer drums, Automotive exhaust flanges and pipes, Kitchen sinks and countertops, Decorative panels and architectural trim
Processed into products: Valve bodies and seats, Pump shafts and impellers, Bolts, nuts, and screws, Stamped kitchen sink bowls, Welded tubular components
Application industries: Architecture and construction (indoor cladding, decorative elements), Household appliances (dishwasher interiors, washing machine drums, oven linings), Automotive (exhaust systems, trim, fuel system components), Food processing equipment (kitchen sinks, countertops, cutlery), Industrial machinery (valve bodies, pump components, fasteners)
X6Cr13 Ferritic Stainless Steel Similar or Near-Equivalent Alternative Materials
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10088-1 | X6Cr17 (1.4016) | Ferritic, 16-18% Cr, higher corrosion resistance |
| Europe | EN 10088-1 | X6CrAl13 (1.4002) | Ferritic with Al, better oxidation resistance |
| Europe | EN 10088-2 | X2CrNi12 (1.4003) | Low-C, Ni-added, improved weldability |
Notes:
Welding should be performed with low heat input to avoid grain growth. Post-weld annealing is sometimes recommended for optimal corrosion resistance. Not suitable for use at sub-zero temperatures due to limited toughness. Ferritic grades are magnetic. Surface finish options include 2B, 2D, and brushed finishes.
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