JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications
JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Structural Steel Strip for Pipes & Tubes – Composition, Properties & Equivalents
Comprehensive technical data for JIS G3132 SPHT2 steel, including chemical composition, mechanical properties, thermal and electrical properties, international equivalents, and application guidance for pipes and structural components.
Cold forming, bending, welding, punching, machining
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JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications Introduction
JIS G3132 SPHT2 is a hot-rolled structural steel strip primarily intended for welded pipes, tubes, and general structural applications. It is characterized by good weldability, moderate strength, and excellent formability. The 'SPHT' designation stands for "Steel Plate Hot-rolled for Tubes", with number 2 indicating a specific strength grade. Typical delivery condition is as-hot-rolled. This grade is widely used in the manufacture of pipelines, structural hollow sections, and light-to-medium-duty structural components. It complies with the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS G3132:2011, which specifies requirements for hot-rolled carbon steel strip for pipes and tubes.
JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of SPHT2 steel is controlled to ensure adequate strength, ductility, and weldability. The standard specifies maximum limits for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. No minimum values are mandated for alloying elements; the steel is essentially a low-carbon plain carbon steel. Typical residual contents (e.g., Si) may be present from the melting process but are not specified.
| Element | Standard Value (max, %) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.15 | Typical range 0.05–0.12% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.60 | Improves strength and hardness; typical 0.30–0.50% |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.050 | Residual element; kept low |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.050 | Residual element; kept low for weldability |
| Silicon (Si) | Not specified | Often present up to 0.30% from deoxidation |
JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
The following physical properties are not part of the JIS G3132 standard but represent typical values for low-carbon structural steel similar to SPHT2. These values are applicable for engineering calculations under ambient conditions. Data are based on mild steel with a density of approximately 7.85 g/cm³.
| Property | Standard Required Value | Unit | Test Condition / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | Room temperature, typical for low-carbon steel |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 205 – 215 | GPa | Tension, room temperature |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 – 83 | GPa | Calculated from E and ν |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.29 | – | Room temperature |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.0 | ×10⁻⁶/K | 20–100°C, typical |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.8 | ×10⁻⁶/K | 20–200°C, typical |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 13.5 | ×10⁻⁶/K | 20–300°C, typical |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 51.9 | W/(m·K) | At 20°C, typical |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 48.2 | W/(m·K) | At 100°C, typical |
| Specific Heat Capacity (cp) | 486 | J/(kg·K) | At 20°C, typical |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.15 – 0.20 | μΩ·m | At 20°C, typical for mild steel |
JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties are determined on test pieces taken in accordance with JIS G3132. Values vary with product thickness. The yield point or proof stress (upper yield strength), tensile strength, and elongation are guaranteed. The bending test is not a mandatory requirement for SPHT2 in the standard but may be agreed upon; therefore it is not included in this table. Impact toughness is not specified.
| Property | Standard Required Value | Unit | Test Condition / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Point (Upper Yield Strength, ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | Thickness ≤ 16 mm; for thickness > 16 mm, value may be agreed |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 340 – 490 | MPa | All thicknesses |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 20 | % | Thickness 1.2–1.6 mm, JIS No.5 test piece (gauge length 50 mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 22 | % | Thickness > 1.6–3.15 mm, JIS No.5 test piece |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 25 | % | Thickness > 3.15–6 mm, JIS No.5 test piece |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 27 | % | Thickness > 6–16 mm, JIS No.1A test piece (gauge length 200 mm, width 40 mm) |
JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Substitute Grades
The table below lists standards and grades that are frequently considered directly interchangeable with JIS G3132 SPHT2 based on comparable chemical and mechanical requirements. Minor differences in testing or thickness ranges may exist; consult the relevant standard for exact equivalence.
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| International | ISO 4995 | HR2 | Hot-rolled steel sheet of structural quality; similar strength and chemistry |
| China | GB/T 912 | Q235B | Comparable carbon structural steel; yield ≥ 235 MPa, tensile 370–500 MPa, may have slightly higher Mn |
| China | GB/T 3274 | Q235B | Same as above, for hot-rolled plates and strips |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235JR | Yield ≥ 235 MPa, tensile 360–510 MPa (thickness ≤ 16 mm); good match in practice, EN requires impact test for JR |
| USA | ASTM A1011/A1011M | SS Grade 36 [250] | Hot-rolled sheet, yield ≥ 250 MPa (36 ksi), tensile 400–550 MPa; higher strength but often substituted |
| India | IS 1079 | HR2 | Hot-rolled carbon steel strip for structural purposes; similar properties |
JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications Application Introduction
SPHT2 steel is designed for welded pipes and light structural components. Its moderate strength, good ductility, and excellent weldability make it suitable for a wide range of industrial and construction applications. The material can be readily formed by press braking, roll forming, and other cold working processes. Typical industries include construction, automotive, agriculture, and general manufacturing.
Product Applications: Welded steel pipes and tubes (water, gas, structural hollow sections), Cold-formed structural sections (angles, channels, Z- and C-purlins), Pipeline coil for oil and gas transmission (low-pressure), Heat exchanger tubes (where strength requirements are moderate), Piling and foundation pipes
Processed into products: Tube and pipe fittings (elbows, tees, flanges), Brackets and mounting plates, Automotive exhaust pipes and mufflers (entry-level), Light-duty conveyor rollers, Storage rack beams and columns
Application industries: Construction and civil engineering (structural tubes, scaffolding), Agricultural machinery (frames, brackets, irrigation pipes), Automotive (seat frames, exhaust system components, lightweight structural parts), Furniture and storage systems (racks, shelving), General metal fabrication (sheet metal parts, ducting, chutes)
JIS G3132 SPHT2 Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip for Pipeline Applications Similar or Closely Related Material Recommendations
These materials have properties close to SPHT2 but may differ in one or more aspects (e.g., slightly higher/lower strength, different deoxidation practice, or additional impact requirements). They can be considered as alternatives depending on the specific application demands.
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G3101 | SS330 | General structural rolled steel; tensile 330–430 MPa, lower strength; may be used for less demanding parts |
| Japan | JIS G3131 | SPHC | Hot-rolled mild steel for general forming; not specifically for tubes, but similar chemistry, strength lower (Rm ≥ 270 MPa) |
| China | GB/T 700 | Q195 | Lower carbon, tensile 315–430 MPa; suitable for cold forming |
| China | GB/T 700 | Q215 | Tensile 335–450 MPa; closer to SPHT2, but still slightly lower |
| USA | ASTM A570 (withdrawn, replaced by A1011) | Grade 36 | Previously used hot-rolled structural carbon steel, similar to SPHT2 |
| Germany | DIN 17100 (withdrawn) | St37-2 | Historical equivalent to S235JR, now replaced by EN 10025-2 |
Notes:
Welding: SPHT2 has excellent weldability with all conventional arc welding methods (SMAW, GMAW, GTAW). Preheating is generally not required for thicknesses below 30 mm. Forming: The steel can be bend-formed to a tight radius; minimum bend radius typically 1.0–1.5t (cold). Surface condition: Available as pickled and oiled or as-hot-rolled with mill scale. Oil coating provides temporary corrosion protection. Dimensional tolerances: Conform to JIS G3132; thickness tolerance usually ±0.15 mm for thin gauges, width tolerance according to order.
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