JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil
JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil | Properties & Equivalents
Comprehensive technical data for SS490 steel according to JIS G3101, including chemical composition, mechanical and physical properties, international equivalents, and application examples for construction and engineering.
Hot rolling, cold forming (bending, press braking), mild drawing, gas cutting, arc welding (SMAW, GMAW, FCAW), bolting, riveting
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JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil Introduction
JIS G3101 SS490 is a general-purpose structural carbon steel primarily supplied as hot-rolled coils, plates, sheets, strips, bars, and sections. It was formerly designated as SS50 under the old Japanese standard. The number "490" indicates a minimum tensile strength of 490 MPa. The steel is characterized by its balanced strength, weldability, and workability, making it suitable for a wide range of structural applications. Its chemical composition is not tightly controlled except for maximum limits of phosphorus and sulfur, with carbon and manganese levels left to the manufacturer's discretion within typical boundaries.
- Good combination of strength, ductility, and toughness
- Readily weldable under standard practices
- Suitable for cold forming to moderate degrees
- Hot-rolled surface finish; may be supplied as-rolled or normalized
JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil Chemical Composition
JIS G3101 specifies only the maximum limits for phosphorus and sulfur. Carbon and manganese are not mandated but are typically controlled by the manufacturer to ensure mechanical property targets. Typical ranges are indicated in parentheses and are for reference only, not part of the standard.
- Values are maximum unless a range is given
- Silicon content is not specified; it is often present at low levels from deoxidation
- Effects of residuals like Cr, Ni, Cu are generally limited to common steelmaking practices
| Element | Specified Max. / Typical (%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.30 | Typical range 0.15–0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤1.60 | Typical range 0.60–1.20 |
| Silicon (Si) | — | Not specified; generally 0.10–0.35 for killed steel |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.050 | Maximum per standard |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.050 | Maximum per standard |
| Residual elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, etc.) | — | Not specified; restricted by steelmaking practice |
JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil Physical Properties
The following values are typical for carbon structural steel in the as-rolled condition and are not part of the JIS standard. They are provided for design calculations and general reference. Slight variations may occur depending on exact chemistry and processing.
- Density and elastic moduli are nearly constant for these steels
- Thermal expansion and conductivity are applicable in the temperature range 20–300°C unless otherwise noted
- Electrical resistivity increases with temperature
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Condition / Temperature |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | 20°C |
| Elastic modulus (E) | 205 – 210 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Shear modulus (G) | 80 – 81 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.30 – 0.31 | — | Elastic region |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.5 – 12.5 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–100°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 12.5 – 13.5 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–300°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 48 – 54 | W/(m·K) | 20°C |
| Specific heat capacity (cp) | 460 – 480 | J/(kg·K) | 20–100°C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρe) | 0.14 – 0.18 | µΩ·m | 20°C |
JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties comply with JIS G3101 and are guaranteed at room temperature for the as-rolled condition. Requirements vary by product thickness. Yield strength is the upper yield point or 0.2% proof stress for products without a pronounced yield.
- Tensile test specimens and gauge lengths are in accordance with JIS Z 2241
- Bend test mandrel diameter is expressed as a multiple of specimen thickness 'a'
- No impact test is required by the standard; Charpy impact values are not guaranteed unless specially agreed
| Property | Value | Unit | Test Condition / Thickness Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥295 | MPa | t ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥285 | MPa | 16 mm < t ≤ 40 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥275 | MPa | 40 mm < t ≤ 100 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥265 | MPa | 100 mm < t ≤ 160 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 490 – 610 | MPa | t ≤ 100 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 470 – 610 | MPa | 100 mm < t ≤ 160 mm |
| Elongation (A) | ≥19 | % | t ≤ 5 mm (JIS No. 11 specimen, L0=50 mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥17 | % | 5 mm < t ≤ 16 mm (JIS No. 1A specimen) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥19 | % | 16 mm < t ≤ 50 mm (JIS No. 1A specimen) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥21 | % | 40 mm ≤ t ≤ 100 mm (JIS No. 4 specimen) |
| Bend Test | Bend angle: 180°; inner radius = 1.5a (t ≤ 16 mm); 2.0a (16 mm < t ≤ 100 mm) | — | No cracks on outer surface |
JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil Direct International Equivalent Materials
| Country / Region | Standard | Grade / Designation | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G3101 | SS490 | Original standard |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q355B / Q345B (obsolete) | Similar yield strength (≥355 MPa for thickness ≤16 mm). Q355 has equivalent C, Mn, P, S limits and often serves as a direct substitute. |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S355JR / S355J0 / S355J2 | Comparable strength level with stricter impact requirements (JR = 27J at +20°C, J0 at 0°C, J2 at -20°C). SS490 does not guarantee impact values. |
| United States | ASTM A572/A572M | Grade 50 [345] | Yield 345 MPa (50 ksi), tensile ≥450 MPa; similar but slightly lower minimum tensile. |
| International | ISO 630-2 | E355C / E355D | Minimum yield 355 MPa for t≤16 mm; very close mechanical alignment. |
JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil Application Introduction
SS490 is extensively used in structural engineering due to its favorable balance of strength, ductility, and cost. It can be fabricated into load-bearing components in both static and light dynamic service environments.
- Common processing methods include welding (SMAW, GMAW, submerged arc), cutting (oxy-fuel, plasma, laser), drilling, and bending.
- Welding consumables typical for 490 MPa class steel (e.g., E49xx series) should be used to match the base metal strength.
- Preheating may be required for thicker sections (>30 mm) to avoid hydrogen-induced cracking.
Product Applications: Hot-rolled steel coils, plates, and sheets for cut-to-length parts, Welded beams and built-up sections, Cold-formed purlins and girts, Pressed metal parts and brackets, Structural hollow sections (when produced to SS490 through secondary processing)
Processed into products: Main support columns and beams for multistory buildings, Roof truss chords and web members, Bridge deck plates and stiffening ribs, Trailer main frame rails and drawbars, Excavator boom and arm sections, Base plates for machinery, Railway wagon underframes, Pipe and piling support brackets
Application industries: Building and construction (structural frameworks, beams, columns), Bridge engineering (girders, lateral bracing), Shipbuilding (internal stiffeners, deck plates), Agricultural machinery and trailers, Automotive industry (heavy vehicle chassis frames, cross members), Storage systems (racks, shelving profiles), General fabrication and pressure vessel shells (non-ASME)
JIS G3101 SS490 Hot Rolled Carbon Structural Steel Coil Alternative Materials with Similar Performance Profile
| Country / Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G3106 | SM490A / SM490B / SM490C | Weldable structural steel with guaranteed impact toughness; higher quality option for welded constructions. |
| United States | ASTM A36 | A36 | Lower strength (yield ≥250 MPa, tensile 400–550 MPa) but widely available; may be used in less demanding structures. |
| India | IS 2062 | E350 / FE 490 | Corresponding Indian structural steel with similar strength grades. |
| Russia | GOST 19281 | St4ps / 09G2S | Russian low-alloy structural steels with similar yield and tensile properties when processed to the appropriate thickness. |
| South Korea | KS D 3503 | SS490 | Korean Industrial Standard equivalent grade. |
Notes:
Additional notes:
- SS490 is not intended for critical low-temperature service unless supplementary impact testing is performed and agreed at the time of order.
- Surface condition: hot-rolled with mill scale; descaling by pickling or shot blasting is available upon request.
- Dimensional tolerances and flatness are according to JIS G 3193 for plates and sheets.
- For enhanced atmospheric corrosion resistance, upgrading to weathering steel grades (e.g., JIS G3114 SMA490) should be considered.
- Typical hardness of as-rolled SS490 is in the range of 140–180 HBW.
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