JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Steel Pipe: Chemical Composition, Mechanical & Thermal Properties and Equivalent Grades
Comprehensive material data for JIS G3101 SS400 electric resistance welded (ERW) pipe including chemical composition, mechanical & physical properties, international equivalents, and application guidelines.
Electric resistance welding, cold/hot forming, cutting, machining, galvanizing, painting
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JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe Introduction
SS400 is a general structural carbon steel defined in JIS G3101, widely used for welded pipes via the electric resistance welding (ERW) process. Basic properties: it combines moderate strength with excellent weldability and formability. Key features:
- Min. yield strength 245 MPa for thickness ≤16 mm
- Tensile strength 400–510 MPa
- Good ductility with elongation ≥17% depending on thickness
- Typically supplied as hot-rolled strip for pipe manufacturing
- Suitable for structural, construction and mechanical applications
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe Chemical Composition
JIS G3101 specifies only maximum limits for phosphorus and sulfur; carbon, silicon and manganese are not mandated but are determined by the steelmaker to meet mechanical properties. No other alloying elements are intentionally added. This flexibility allows wide-ranging production while guaranteeing structural performance.
| Element | Standard value (%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | Not specified | Determined by manufacturer; typical ≤0.20% |
| Silicon (Si) | Not specified | Typically ≤0.35% |
| Manganese (Mn) | Not specified | Typically 0.60–1.20% |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.050 | |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.050 | |
| Others | No deliberate additions |
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
The following data are typical for non-alloy structural steel such as SS400. These values are not part of JIS G3101 but are provided for engineering reference at room temperature unless otherwise noted.
| Property | Typical value | Unit | Test condition / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | At 20°C |
| Elastic modulus (E) | 205 – 210 | GPa | At 20°C |
| Shear modulus (G) | approx. 80 | GPa | Calculated from E and Poisson ratio |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.29 | - | At 20°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.7 | 10⁻⁶/°C | 20 – 100°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 12.5 | 10⁻⁶/°C | 20 – 200°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 13.5 | 10⁻⁶/°C | 20 – 300°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 50 – 54 | W/(m·K) | At 20°C |
| Specific heat capacity | approx. 460 | J/(kg·K) | At 20°C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.13 – 0.15 | Ω·mm²/m | At 20°C |
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties apply to the hot-rolled flat steel used to manufacture ERW pipes. Values are according to JIS G3101 (SS400). Pipe properties may be influenced by welding and forming; standard pipe specifications (e.g. JIS G3444) refer to the same base material requirements. Thickness ranges for elongation: test piece dimensions depend on thickness. No impact test is required.
| Property | Standard value | Unit | Test condition / thickness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 245 | MPa | Thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 235 | MPa | 16 mm < thickness ≤ 40 mm |
| Yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | Thickness > 40 mm |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 400 – 510 | MPa | All thicknesses |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 21 | % | Thickness ≤ 5 mm, test piece No.5 (L0=50mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 17 | % | 5 mm < thickness ≤ 16 mm, test piece No.1A (L0=200mm for t≤9mm; L0 = 50mm for t>9mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 21 | % | 16 mm < thickness ≤ 50 mm, test piece No.1A (L0=200mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 23 | % | Thickness > 40 mm, test piece No.4 (L0=50mm) |
| Bend test (180°) | No cracks | - | Thickness ≤ 25 mm: inside radius up to 1.5×thickness |
| Impact energy (KV) | Not specified | J | JIS G3101 does not require impact testing |
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe Completely equivalent standards and substitutable grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G3101 | SS400 | Base standard |
| International | ISO 630-2 | S235B | Comparable with SS400, with specified C, Mn, Si |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235JR | Very similar strength and weldability |
| United States | ASTM A36/A36M | A36 | Typical replacement; same yield/tensile range |
| China | GB/T 700 | Q235B | Equivalent; chemical composition slightly restricted |
| Korea | KS D 3503 | SS400 | Direct adoption of JIS SS400 |
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe Application Introduction
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW pipes are used in a wide variety of structural and mechanical applications because of their balanced strength, formability and low cost. Typical sectors include:
- Building and construction: scaffolding, columns, trusses
- Automotive: seat frames, exhaust system hangers
- Furniture: tubular frames, chairs, tables
- Agricultural equipment: greenhouse frames, fencing
- General engineering: handrails, conveyor rollers, sign posts
Product Applications: Structural hollow sections, Scaffolding tubes, Greenhouse pipes, Fence posts & gates, Conveyor rollers, Exhaust system components, Office furniture frames
Processed into products: Welded tubular columns, Cross braces, Handrail supports, Bicycle parking racks, Machine guarding frames, Water well casings, Drainage pipes (non-pressure)
Application industries: Construction, Infrastructure, Automotive, Furniture manufacturing, Agricultural engineering, General fabrication
JIS G3101 SS400 ERW Pipe Materials with similar properties
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G3106 | SM400A | Hot-rolled steel for welded structures; similar strength, improved toughness |
| Japan | JIS G3136 | SN400B | Building structural steel; yield and tensile close to SS400 |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235J0 | Same strength level, with impact test at 0°C |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q345B | Higher strength; may replace SS400 in weight-saving designs |
| United States | ASTM A283/A283M | Grade C | Low and intermediate tensile strength carbon steel plates |
Notes:
ERW pipe made from SS400 typically complies with JIS G3444 (Carbon steel tubes for general structure) or JIS G3452 (Carbon steel pipes for ordinary piping). The chemical and mechanical requirements are inherited from the base material standard. Actual pipe properties may vary slightly due to the cold forming and welding process; the seam is as strong as the base metal when properly welded. No impact test is required unless separately specified by agreement. For coated pipes, hot-dip galvanizing to JIS H8641 is common.
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