GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe
GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe: Composition, Properties & Applications
Comprehensive material data for GB 3087 10# boiler seamless pipe. Includes chemical composition, mechanical & physical properties, international equivalents, and typical applications for low and medium pressure boilers.
Hot rolling, cold drawing, hot expanding, normalizing
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GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe Introduction
The GB 3087 10# boiler pipe is a high-quality carbon structural seamless steel tube designed for low and medium pressure boiler applications. It is manufactured in accordance with GB/T 3087-2008 standard. 10# steel offers excellent plasticity, toughness, and weldability, making it suitable for manufacturing boiler heating surface tubes, superheated steam pipes, and boiling water pipes. With controlled impurity levels and uniform mechanical properties, this material ensures reliable service under sustained temperatures up to 450°C. It is widely used in the power generation, petrochemical, and industrial boiler sectors where cost-effective carbon steel performs reliably under moderate thermal and mechanical loads. The pipe is delivered in hot-rolled or cold-drawn condition and can be normalized to enhance structural uniformity.
GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe Chemical Composition
Chemical composition requirements are based on ladle analysis per GB/T 3087-2008 and GB/T 699 for grade 10 steel. The maximum limits for phosphorus and sulfur are strictly controlled to ensure good weldability and ductility. Residual elements like Cr, Ni, and Cu are kept low to avoid undesirable effects in boiler service.
| Element | Standard Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.07 ~ 0.13 | — |
| Si | 0.17 ~ 0.37 | — |
| Mn | 0.35 ~ 0.65 | — |
| P | ≤ 0.035 | max |
| S | ≤ 0.035 | max |
| Cr | ≤ 0.15 | max |
| Ni | ≤ 0.30 | max |
| Cu | ≤ 0.25 | max |
GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe Thermal & Electrical Physical Properties
The following physical properties are typical for carbon steel 10# and are based on published data for low-carbon steels. Actual values may vary depending on the specific manufacturing process and thermal history. These reference values are useful for engineering calculations in boiler design.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition / Temperature |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | At 20°C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 210 | GPa | At 20°C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | At 20°C |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.30 | — | At 20°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coeff. (α) | 11.5 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 100°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coeff. (α) | 12.4 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 200°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coeff. (α) | 12.9 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 300°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coeff. (α) | 13.4 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 400°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 51.9 | W/(m·K) | At 20°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 50.7 | W/(m·K) | At 100°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 48.6 | W/(m·K) | At 200°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 46.5 | W/(m·K) | At 300°C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 44.4 | W/(m·K) | At 400°C |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 486 | J/(kg·K) | 20 – 100°C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.13 | μΩ·m | At 20°C |
GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe Mechanical Properties
Tensile testing is performed at room temperature according to GB/T 228.1. The values below represent minimum requirements for longitudinal specimens unless transverse is indicated. Bend test is conducted per GB/T 244 with a former diameter twice the wall thickness. No impact test is mandated by the standard unless separately agreed.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 195 | MPa | Longitudinal, wall thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 185 | MPa | Longitudinal, wall thickness > 16 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 335 ~ 475 | MPa | Longitudinal, all thicknesses |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 24 | % | Longitudinal, all thicknesses |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 22 | % | Transverse, all thicknesses |
| Bend Test (180°) | No cracks, d = 2a (a = wall thickness) | — | Bending test at ambient temperature |
GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe Fully Equivalent International Standards & Replacement Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 3087-2008 | 10# | Primary standard grade |
| USA | ASTM A106/A106M | Grade A | Comparable carbon level; minor differences in Si and Mn |
| USA | ASTM A53/A53M | Grade A | Approximate equivalent for structural and pressure piping |
| Europe | EN 10216-2 | P195TR1 | Similar strength and weldability for pressure purposes |
| Japan | JIS G3461 | STB 340 | Equivalent boiler & heat exchanger tube grade |
GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe Application Introduction
10# steel boiler pipes under GB 3087 are specially designed for low and medium pressure boiler systems operating up to 450°C. They offer reliable performance in water-wall, superheater, and economizer sections. Their good formability and weldability permit easy fabrication into tubular assemblies. These pipes can also be used in general heat exchanger and condensers where moderate mechanical properties are sufficient.
Product Applications: Water-wall panels, Superheated steam pipelines, Boiling water tubes, Economizer coils, U-bend heat exchanger tubes
Processed into products: Boiler header pipes, Superheater tube elements, Economizer tube bundles, Steam drum connecting pipes, Fabricated bends and elbows, Tube-to-tube sheet joints
Application industries: Industrial boiler manufacturing, Power generation (coal-fired, biomass), Petrochemical processing, Heat exchanger production, Shipbuilding and marine boiler systems
GB 3087 10# Boiler Steel Pipe Recommended Similar / Alternative Materials
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 3087-2008 | 20# | Higher carbon & strength; suitable for higher pressure components |
| China | GB 5310-2008 | 20G | High-pressure boiler tube; improved elevated temperature strength |
| USA | ASTM A106/A106M | Grade B | Widely used carbon steel pipe with higher tensile strength |
| Europe | EN 10216-2 | P235TR1 | Higher strength grade for pressure piping; direct alternative to 10# |
| Japan | JIS G3461 | STB 410 | Higher strength carbon steel tube for boiler applications |
Notes:
Additional information: The steel is intended for use in the normalized or as-rolled condition. When specified, hydraulic tests and non-destructive testing (eddy current or ultrasonic) can be performed per applicable standards. No intergranular corrosion test is required. The material is suitable for conventional welding processes; preheat is generally not necessary for thin sections. For elevated temperature service above 400°C, it is recommended to refer to the allowable stress values per GB/T 16507 or equivalent design codes.
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