EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube
EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube: Properties, Equivalents and Applications
Detailed technical data for EN10297-1 grade E275 seamless circular steel tube for mechanical and structural use, including chemical composition, mechanical and physical properties, equivalent materials and application guidance.
Hot-rolled, cold-drawn, normalized, quenched and tempered, machined
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EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube Introduction
EN10297-1 E275 is a non-alloy structural steel grade supplied as a seamless circular tube, designed for mechanical and general engineering purposes. Its minimum specified yield strength of 275 MPa makes it suitable for a wide range of structural and automotive components. The material is characterized by good weldability, adequate toughness, and consistent mechanical properties across wall thicknesses up to 65 mm. It is typically delivered in a normalized condition, but other heat treatment states can be agreed. Typical applications include hydraulic cylinders, axles, bearing rings, and general machine construction.
EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of E275 steel complies with EN 10297-1. Low carbon content ensures good weldability, while manganese provides solid solution strengthening. Residual elements Cr, Ni, Mo and Cu are limited to avoid adverse effects on hardenability and corrosion resistance. The sum of these residuals shall not exceed 0.70%.
| Element | Nominal Value (%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.21 | Max |
| Si | ≤ 0.35 | Max |
| Mn | ≤ 1.40 | Max |
| P | ≤ 0.025 | Max |
| S | ≤ 0.020 | Max |
| Cr | ≤ 0.30 | Max; Cr+Ni+Mo+Cu ≤ 0.70% |
| Ni | ≤ 0.30 | Max |
| Mo | ≤ 0.08 | Max |
| Cu | ≤ 0.30 | Max |
EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
The following physical properties are typical for non-alloy structural steels like E275. They are not specified in EN 10297-1 but are commonly used for design calculations. Density is based on a standard carbon steel composition. Thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity decrease with increasing temperature, while the thermal expansion coefficient increases.
| Property | Standard Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | At 20 °C |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | 210 | GPa | At 20 °C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | At 20 °C |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | At 20 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 11.1 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 100 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.1 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 200 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.9 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 300 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 13.5 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20 – 400 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 52 | W/(m·K) | At 20 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 470 | J/(kg·K) | At 20 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρₑ) | 0.18 | μΩ·m | At 20 °C |
EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of E275 steel are determined on longitudinal test pieces in accordance with EN 10297-1. The minimum yield strength and elongation values depend on the wall thickness. Tensile strength is given as a range for all wall thicknesses. Impact testing and bending tests are optional and must be agreed upon at the time of ordering.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 275 | MPa | Wall thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 265 | MPa | Wall thickness 16 mm < t ≤ 40 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 255 | MPa | Wall thickness 40 mm < t ≤ 65 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 410 – 560 | MPa | All wall thicknesses |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 20 | % | Longitudinal, L0=5.65√S0; Wall thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 19 | % | Longitudinal, L0=5.65√S0; Wall thickness 16 mm < t ≤ 40 mm |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 18 | % | Longitudinal, L0=5.65√S0; Wall thickness 40 mm < t ≤ 65 mm |
EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Substitute Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|
EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube Application Introduction
EN10297-1 E275 seamless tubes are designed for demanding structural and mechanical applications where consistent strength and good machinability are required. The grade is easily weldable using conventional methods, making it ideal for fabricated assemblies. Typical uses span the automotive, agricultural machinery, hydraulic equipment, and general engineering sectors.
Product Applications: Hydraulic cylinder barrels and piston rods, Automotive axle tubes and drive shafts, Bearing rings and bushings, Heavy-duty structural frameworks and supports, Machine tool components, Rollers and conveyor shafts
Processed into products: Hydraulic cylinder barrels (ID honed and hard chrome plated), Piston rods and tie rods, Axle sleeves and hollow shafting, Bearing races and spacers, Bushings and wear rings, Motorcycle fork tubes, Strut housings
Application industries: Automotive and commercial vehicles, Construction and earthmoving machinery, Agricultural equipment, Hydraulic and pneumatic systems, General mechanical engineering, Material handling equipment
EN10297-1 E275 Seamless Steel Tube Similar or Alternative Grades in Other Standards
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 8162 | 20 | Minimum yield 245 MPa; slightly lower but similar strength and carbon content; widely used for seamless structural tubes. |
| China | GB/T 8162 | Q345B | Higher yield strength (≥345 MPa); can substitute E275 where higher strength is needed, but weldability and carbon equivalent should be checked. |
| USA | ASTM A519 | 1020 | Cold-drawn seamless tubing with tensile ≥345 MPa (condition dependent); comparable carbon level; used in mechanical and hydraulic applications. |
| USA | ASTM A519 | 1025 | Slightly higher carbon; yield strength typically higher after cold working; often replaces E275 in automotive parts. |
| Japan | JIS G 3445 | STKM 13A | Carbon steel tube for machine structural purposes; tensile ≥410 MPa, yield ≥315 MPa; a suitable alternative with comparable properties. |
Notes:
Weldability: E275 possesses excellent weldability thanks to its low carbon and controlled residual element content. Preheating is generally not necessary for wall thicknesses below 30 mm.
Machinability: In normalized condition, the steel offers good machinability; chip breaking can be improved with slight cold working if required.
Surface quality: Tubes are typically supplied with a smooth surface suitable for further processing such as honing, chrome plating, painting, or phosphating. Dimensional tolerances conform to EN 10297-1 requirements.
Testing: Routine inspection includes a tensile test, dimensional check, and surface inspection. Additional tests (impact, ultrasonic, eddy current) must be specified at the time of ordering.
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