EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel
EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel - Reliable Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance for Structural Use
Comprehensive reference for S355J0WP weathering steel coil: chemical composition, mechanical properties, physical data, equivalent grades, and application guidance according to EN 10025-5.
Hot rolling, normalising rolling (+N), as-rolled (+AR), cutting, welding, forming, bending, punching
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EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel Introduction
S355J0WP is a hot-rolled structural steel with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance, standardized under EN 10025-5. It belongs to the family of weathering steels, often referred to by the designation 1.8945. The alloy contains small additions of chromium, copper, and phosphorus that promote the formation of a protective patina under outdoor exposure, eliminating the need for painting in many environments.
Typical characteristics are:
- Minimum yield strength of 355 MPa for thicknesses up to 16 mm
- Good toughness at 0°C (J0 quality)
- Enhanced resistance to atmospheric corrosion
- Weldable with appropriate procedures
- Available as hot-rolled coil, strip, plates, and sections
The grade is widely used in bridge construction, architectural cladding, containers, and railway vehicles where long-term durability with minimal maintenance is required.
EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel Chemical Composition
Values in accordance with EN 10025-5:2004, Table 2 for grade S355J0WP (symbolic number 1.8945). The combination of Cu, Cr, and P ensures a self-protecting rust layer under alternate wet/dry atmospheric conditions. Deoxidation method: Fully killed.
| Element | Specified Range (Max unless indicated) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.12 | Ladle analysis |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.75 | May be limited for galvanising |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.00 | Contributes to strength |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.06 – 0.15 | Essential for weathering resistance |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.035 | Improved cleanliness required |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.30 – 1.25 | Promotes dense patina |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.25 – 0.55 | Synergy with P for corrosion protection |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤ 0.65 | Residual, may be added for toughness |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤ 0.30 | Not required, may be present |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 0.009 | Minimises ageing effects |
| Aluminium (Al) | ≥ 0.020 total | For fine grain practice |
EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel Physical Properties
Physical constants provided are typical for structural weathering steels and can be used for design calculations. There is no direct normative requirement in EN 10025-5; the data are based on published literature for comparable low-alloy steels. Actual values may vary slightly with production route and exact chemical composition.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition / Temperature |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7850 | kg/m³ | 20°C |
| Modulus of elasticity (E) | 210 | GPa | 20°C |
| Shear modulus (G) | ≈ 81 | GPa | 20°C |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | 20°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.7 × 10⁻⁶ | /K | 20 – 100°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 12.5 × 10⁻⁶ | /K | 20 – 200°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 36 | W/(m·K) | 20°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 34 | W/(m·K) | 200°C |
| Specific heat capacity (c) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20°C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρₑ) | 0.20 × 10⁻⁶ | Ω·m | 20°C |
EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties depend on product thickness and delivery condition. The table gives minimum values for +N condition (normalised rolling) as per EN 10025-5. Impact testing is performed at 0°C (J0). Values for +AR condition may differ slightly but must meet the same minimums.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Condition / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength ReH | ≥ 355 | MPa | Thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield strength ReH | ≥ 345 | MPa | 16 < t ≤ 40 mm |
| Yield strength ReH | ≥ 335 | MPa | 40 < t ≤ 63 mm |
| Yield strength ReH | ≥ 325 | MPa | 63 < t ≤ 80 mm |
| Yield strength ReH | ≥ 315 | MPa | 80 < t ≤ 100 mm |
| Yield strength ReH | ≥ 295 | MPa | 100 < t ≤ 150 mm |
| Tensile strength Rm | 470 – 630 | MPa | Thickness ≤ 100 mm |
| Tensile strength Rm | 450 – 600 | MPa | 100 < t ≤ 150 mm |
| Elongation A (L0=5.65√S0) | ≥ 22 | % | Thickness ≤ 40 mm, longitudinal |
| Elongation A | ≥ 20 | % | Thickness ≤ 100 mm, transverse |
| Charpy impact KV (0°C) | ≥ 27 | J | Longitudinal, average of 3 tests |
| Bend test, mandrel diameter | 2t (t ≤ 16 mm) | – | 180° bend, no cracks |
| Bend test, mandrel diameter | 3t (16 < t ≤ 100 mm) | – | 180° bend, no cracks |
EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel Fully Equivalent International Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade Designation | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 10025-5 | S355J0WP (1.8945) | Direct source standard |
| International | ISO 4952:2003 | S355J0WP | Identical technical delivery conditions |
| France | NF EN 10025-5 | S355J0WP | NF A 35-502 adopts EN 10025-5 |
| Germany | DIN EN 10025-5 | S355J0WP | DIN EN adoption |
| United Kingdom | BS EN 10025-5 | S355J0WP | BS EN adoption |
| Italy | UNI EN 10025-5 | S355J0WP | Italian adoption |
EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel Application Introduction
S355J0WP is designed for unpainted or partially painted applications where a stable rust-like patina protects the base metal. The steel is fully weldable, formable, and suitable for a range of structural and architectural components. Thickness ranges from hot-rolled coil allow economic production of lighter sections.
- Extensive track record in bridge engineering
- Aesthetic and maintenance-free cladding systems
- Recommended for outdoor exposure in moderately aggressive atmospheres (C3/C4 according to ISO 9223)
Product Applications: Weathering steel bridges (road and pedestrian), Facade panels and rain screens, Railway wagons and container bodies, Transmission towers and lamp posts, Storage silos and hoppers, Decorative landscape elements and sculptures
Processed into products: Bridge girders and diaphragms, Welded box sections and plate girders, Cold-formed C/Z purlins and rails, Folded plate panels for cladding, Chassis frames for railcars, Container corner castings and side sheets, Tubular columns for outdoor structures
Application industries: Civil engineering and bridge construction, Architectural and building facades, Railway and special vehicles, Container and transportation industry, Electric power transmission structures, Industrial equipment and storage tanks
EN 10025-5 S355J0WP Weathering Steel Similar or Closely Related Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade Designation | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM A588/A588M | Grade C | Similar weathering grade, min. yield 345 MPa, composition overlap but not exactly P level |
| USA | ASTM A242/A242M | Type 1 | Lower strength (usually 345 MPa min), but similar corrosion resistance concept |
| Japan | JIS G3125 | SPA-H | High-weathering steel, minimum yield 355 MPa, small differences in Cu-Cr contents |
| China | GB/T 4171 | Q355NH | Weathering structural steel with min. yield 355 MPa, comparable performance |
| Russia | GOST 19281 | 10KhSND | Low-alloy steel with Cu-Cr-Ni, yield around 345–390 MPa depending on thickness |
Notes:
Welding advice: Use low-hydrogen processes and filler metals matching the parent steel (e.g., G 46 4 M according to EN ISO 2560 when strength-matching). Preheating is generally not needed for thicknesses below 30 mm.
Patina formation: The protective layer develops within 1–3 years of alternating wet and dry cycles. Exposure to constant humidity without drying cycles (immersion, buried) must be avoided.
For environments with de-icing salts or strong marine exposure (C5-M), periodic washing or a protective coating may be considered.
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