EH36 SSAW Pipe Material
EH36 SSAW Pipe Steel: Properties, Equivalents & Application Data
Complete material documentation for EH36 high-strength structural steel used in spiral submerged arc welded pipes. Chemical, mechanical, thermal data with international equivalents.
Hot Rolling, Controlled Rolling, Normalizing, Thermo-Mechanical Control Process (TMCP), Spiral Submerged Arc Welding (SSAW)
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EH36 SSAW Pipe Introduction
EH36 is a high-strength structural steel grade primarily used in shipbuilding and offshore applications, characterized by a minimum yield strength of 355 MPa and excellent toughness at low temperatures (down to -40 °C). EH36 SSAW pipe is manufactured by forming hot-rolled coils or plates into a spiral shape and welding with submerged arc process, providing a cost-effective solution for large-diameter pipelines and structural pipes. The material meets the requirements of major classification societies such as ABS, DNV, and LR, and offers good weldability, corrosion resistance, and fatigue performance.
EH36 SSAW Pipe Chemical Composition
The EH36 steel chemistry is balanced to achieve high strength and superior low-temperature toughness. Carbon is kept low to ensure good weldability, while manganese provides solid solution strengthening. Grain-refining microalloying elements such as niobium, vanadium, and titanium are typically added. Maximum residual levels of copper, chromium, and nickel are controlled to avoid adverse effects.
| Element | Standard Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.18 | wt% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.90 – 1.60 | wt% |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.50 | wt% |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.035 | wt% |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.035 | wt% |
| Aluminum (Al, acid soluble) | ≥0.015 | wt% |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤0.35 | wt% |
| Chromium (Cr) | ≤0.20 | wt% |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤0.40 | wt% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤0.08 | wt% |
| Niobium (Nb) | 0.02 – 0.05 | wt%, optional microalloy |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.05 – 0.10 | wt%, optional |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≤0.02 | wt%, optional |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤0.009 | wt%, if applicable |
EH36 SSAW Pipe Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
The following physical property data are typical for EH36 steel at room temperature unless stated otherwise. Actual values may vary slightly depending on exact composition and heat treatment condition. These values provide essential information for thermal and structural design, as well as for processing simulations.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7850 | kg/m³ | 20 °C |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | 200 – 210 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 79 – 81 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | Typical for steel |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 11.5 × 10−⁶ | /K | 20 – 100 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.5 × 10−⁶ | /K | 20 – 300 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 51 | W/(m·K) | 20 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity (c) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρe) | 0.16 × 10−⁶ | Ω·m | 20 °C |
EH36 SSAW Pipe Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties are determined on test specimens taken from the base material in accordance with classification society rules. The requirements depend on product thickness. Charpy V-notch impact energy is measured at -40 °C. Both longitudinal and transverse directions may be tested depending on the application and purchaser's request.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Conditions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH, min) | 355 | MPa | t ≤ 50 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH, min) | 325 | MPa | 50 < t ≤ 70 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH, min) | 305 | MPa | 70 < t ≤ 100 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 490 – 620 | MPa | All thicknesses |
| Elongation (A, min) | 21 | % | t ≤ 50 mm, gauge 5.65√S0 |
| Elongation (A, min) | 20 | % | 50 < t ≤ 70 mm |
| Elongation (A, min) | 19 | % | 70 < t ≤ 100 mm |
| Charpy Impact (KV, -40 °C, min, longitudinal) | 34 | J | 10×10 mm specimen |
| Charpy Impact (KV, -40 °C, min, transverse) | 24 | J | 10×10 mm specimen |
| Bend Test (Mandrel Diameter) | 3a (a = specimen thickness) | – | 180° bend, no cracks |
EH36 SSAW Pipe Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Substitute Grade Recommendations
| Country/Region | Standard/Code | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| International (US) | ASTM A131/A131M | EH36 | Shipbuilding structural steel |
| International (Classification Societies) | DNV GL Rules | VL EH36 | Marine and offshore structures |
| International (Classification Societies) | ABS Rules | ABS EH36 | Vessel hulls and structures |
| International (Classification Societies) | LR Rules | LR EH36 | Lloyd's Register certified |
| International (Classification Societies) | BV Rules | BV EH36 | Bureau Veritas certified |
| International (Classification Societies) | CCS Rules | CCS EH36 | China Classification Society certified |
| European Union | EN 10025-4 | S460ML | TMCP steel with impact at -40°C, comparable strength and toughness |
EH36 SSAW Pipe Application Introduction
EH36 SSAW pipe is widely used in ship and offshore construction where high strength and reliable low-temperature toughness are required. Its spiral-welded pipe form offers flexibility in diameter and wall thickness, making it a preferred choice for large-diameter piles and flowlines. The material can be readily welded with standard procedures and is often supplied with classification society certification.
Product Applications: Hull plates and stiffeners, Deck structures, Keels and bilge strakes, Offshore platform legs and bracings, Spiral welded piling pipes (bearing piles, combi-wall piles), Submarine pipelines (oil, gas, water), Onshore cross-country transmission pipes
Processed into products: Ship outer shell plating, Ship longitudinal and transverse framing, Buckling and fatigue-critical structural members, Jacket foundation piles, Conductor pipes and risers, Pipeline sections (SSAW), Caissons and J-tubes for offshore platforms
Application industries: Shipbuilding and marine engineering, Offshore oil and gas exploration and production, Civil construction (piling and foundation), Petrochemical and gas transmission, Port and harbor construction
EH36 SSAW Pipe Similar / Comparable Alternative Material Recommendations
| Country/Region | Standard/Code | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| International | ASTM A131/A131M | DH36 | Same strength, impact at -20°C; suitable for less severe low-temp service |
| International | ASTM A131/A131M | FH36 | Same strength, impact at -60°C; superior toughness for cryogenic applications |
| USA | ASTM A572/A572M | Grade 50 [345] | Lower strength (345 MPa min YS), limited toughness; for structural use only |
| European Union | EN 10025-4 | S460ML | Higher strength (460 MPa), requires careful weldability evaluation, may serve as upgrade |
Notes:
- SSAW pipe specifics: The spiral submerged arc welded pipes produced from EH36 coils or plates are typically inspected per API 5L as supplementary requirement, and impact toughness at -40°C must be verified on weld and heat-affected zone. Full traceability of base material certificate is essential.
- Welding: Low-hydrogen consumables and controlled preheat/interpass temperatures are recommended to avoid hydrogen-induced cracking. Post-weld heat treatment is not mandatory but may be required for thick sections or service conditions.
- Certification: For marine classification use, all plates and pipes must be stamped by the respective classification society surveyor. Mill test certificates with chemical analysis and mechanical test results are mandatory.
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