ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate
ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate - Reliable Structural Carbon Steel for General Applications
ASTM A283 Grade C is a low to intermediate tensile strength carbon steel used extensively in structural and general engineering applications. It offers good weldability, formability, and moderate strength, making it suitable for bridges, buildings, and storage tanks.
Hot rolling, normalizing, welding, cutting, forming, machining
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ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate Introduction
ASTM A283 Grade C (also designated A283GRC) is a carbon-silicon structural steel plate produced according to ASTM A283/A283M standard. It belongs to the group of low and intermediate tensile strength carbon steel plates intended for general structural purposes. This grade provides a minimum yield strength of 205 MPa (30 ksi) and tensile strength between 380-515 MPa (55-75 ksi), with good ductility and weldability. Its balanced composition and mechanical properties make it a cost-effective choice for welded, bolted, and riveted structures. Typical delivery condition is hot-rolled, and it can be easily formed, cut, and machined. While not intended for pressure vessels or high-temperature service, it performs reliably in static structural applications such as building frameworks, bridges, machinery parts, and storage tanks.
ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of ASTM A283 Grade C is controlled to ensure adequate weldability, strength, and ductility. Carbon and Manganese are the primary strengthening elements, while Phosphorus and Sulfur are restricted to avoid brittleness and hot shortness. When copper-bearing steel is specified, a minimum copper content applies to improve atmospheric corrosion resistance. Silicon is typically present for deoxidation but is not always specified.
| Element | Standard Value (max, unless range) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.24% | Controls strength and hardness |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.90% | Improves strength and hardenability |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.035% | Restricted to maintain toughness |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.040% | Low content for improved weldability |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15–0.40% (typical) | Deoxidizer; not explicitly required by standard but commonly present |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.20% min (when specified) | Enhances atmospheric corrosion resistance; optional |
ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate Physical Properties
The thermal and electrical properties listed are typical for low-carbon structural steels similar to ASTM A283 Grade C. These values are not mandatory per ASTM A283 but are provided for engineering calculations such as heat transfer, thermal expansion, and electrical resistivity. Density, moduli, and Poisson's ratio are representative for carbon steel at ambient temperature. Properties may vary slightly with composition and manufacturing process.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | 20 °C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 200 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 | GPa | Room temperature, estimated |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.30 | - | Elastic range |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 11.7 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–100 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.5 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–200 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 51.9 | W/m·K | 20 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity (c) | 486 | J/kg·K | 20 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.142 | µΩ·m | 20 °C |
ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties are determined on test pieces obtained from the plate in the as-rolled condition. The values below represent the minimum requirements per ASTM A283/A283M. Yield strength and tensile strength are measured in transverse direction for plates. Elongation is reported for two gauge lengths: 200 mm (8 in.) and 50 mm (2 in.). Bend tests are performed to ensure formability without cracking. Impact toughness is not a standard requirement for this grade unless specified in supplementary requirements.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 380–515 | MPa | Transverse, room temperature |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 55–75 | ksi | Transverse, room temperature |
| Yield Strength (ReH), min | 205 | MPa | 0.2% offset, transverse |
| Yield Strength (ReH), min | 30 | ksi | 0.2% offset, transverse |
| Elongation (A) in 200 mm (8 in.), min | 25 | % | Plate thickness ≤19 mm (0.75 in.) |
| Elongation (A) in 50 mm (2 in.), min | 22 | % | Plate thickness ≤19 mm |
| Bend Test (180°) | d = 1.5t (t = specimen thickness) | - | No cracks on outside of bent portion |
ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate Fully Equivalent International Material Standards & Substitute Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM A283/A283M | Grade C | Original specification |
| International (ISO) | ISO 630-2 | S235B | Comparable strength and chemistry |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235JR | Nearly identical tensile properties; impact energy optional |
| Japan | JIS G3101 | SS400 | Similar tensile range, slightly higher Mn allowed |
| China | GB/T 700 | Q235B | Very close mechanical and chemical match |
| India | IS 2062 | E250 Grade A | Comparable strength and weldability |
| Australia/New Zealand | AS/NZS 3678 | G250 | Nominal yield 250 MPa (slightly higher); acceptable substitute |
ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate Application Introduction
ASTM A283 Grade C is a versatile structural steel primarily intended for general fabrication and construction. Its moderate strength, excellent weldability, and good formability make it suitable for a wide range of industries. The following lists typical application areas, end products, and specific components that can be manufactured from this material.
Product Applications: Structural frameworks for industrial buildings, Prefabricated steel structures, Welded girders and columns, Storage tanks for water and non-pressurized liquids, Transmission towers and telecommunication poles, Railway wagons and locomotive frames, Heavy machinery bases and supports
Processed into products: Gusset plates, stiffeners, and brackets, Base plates and anchor plates, Angle sections, channel profiles, and I-beams, Stiffening rings for cylindrical shells, Flanges and cover plates, Machine frames and brackets, Truck body parts and chassis components, Mounting plates and support brackets
Application industries: Construction and Civil Engineering, Bridge Building, Storage Tank Manufacturing, Transmission Tower and Pole Fabrication, Railroad Equipment Manufacturing, General Machinery and Equipment, Shipbuilding (non-critical structural components)
ASTM A283 Grade C Carbon Steel Plate Similar/Comparable Material Recommendations
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM A283/A283M | Grade D | Higher tensile strength (60–80 ksi); same ductility; can be used where more strength is needed |
| USA | ASTM A36/A36M | A36 | Slightly higher Mn; similar strength, widely available; good alternative |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S275JR | Higher yield (275 MPa); still structural carbon steel; may require adjustment in design |
| Japan | JIS G3101 | SS330 | Lower strength range; may be substituted where Grade C is over-specified |
| China | GB/T 700 | Q235A | Lower impact and quality assurance; cheaper alternative with careful acceptance testing |
Notes:
ASTM A283 Grade C is typically supplied in the as-rolled condition without any heat treatment. When specific notch toughness or impact properties are required, supplementary requirements (e.g., S5. Charpy V-Notch Test) may be invoked. For thicknesses above 50 mm (2 in.), normalizing may be recommended to refine grain structure and improve mechanical uniformity. The material is not intended for pressure-retaining parts (refer to ASTM A285 or A516 for those applications). Welding procedures should follow standard practices for low-carbon steels (preheat may be required for thicker sections). Always consult the latest version of ASTM A283/A283M for full specifications and supplementary requirements.
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