ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil
ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil: Properties, Equivalents & Applications
Comprehensive data for ASME SA514/SA514M Grade S carbon and low-alloy high-strength quenched-and-tempered steel coil: chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties, international equivalents, and application guidance.
Quenched and Tempered (Q&T)
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ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil Introduction
ASME SA514/SA514M Grade S is a quenched-and-tempered carbon and low-alloy structural steel plate/coil designed for high yield strength, excellent toughness, and good weldability. It offers a minimum yield strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760–895 MPa (110–130 ksi), combined with reliable elongation and cold-bending performance. The boron-treated grade features a fine-grained microstructure that ensures deep hardenability and uniform mechanical properties across thicknesses up to 50 mm (2 in.). Typical applications include heavy-duty mobile equipment, crane booms, mining and earthmoving machinery, pressure vessels, and welded bridge components. It is supplied in the quenched-and-tempered condition, often with optional supplementary impact or ultrasonic testing. ASME SA514 Grade S is practically identical to ASTM A514 Grade S and is internationally equivalent to EN 10025-6 S690Q.
ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of ASME SA514 Grade S is closely controlled to guarantee high strength, hardenability, and weldability. Boron is deliberately added to improve deep hardenability, while titanium and vanadium contribute to grain refinement and precipitation strengthening. Maximum limits on phosphorus and sulfur enhance notch toughness and cleanliness. All values are in accordance with ASME SA514/SA514M Grade S heat analysis requirements.
| Chemical Element | Standard Value (wt%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.21 | Heat analysis |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤1.30 | Heat analysis |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.035 | Heat analysis |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.030 | Heat analysis |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15–0.50 | Heat analysis |
| Chromium (Cr) | ≤0.90 | Heat analysis |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤0.35 | Heat analysis |
| Boron (B) | 0.0005–0.005 | Heat analysis |
| Vanadium (V) | ≤0.06 | Heat analysis |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≤0.06 | Heat analysis |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤0.60 | Heat analysis |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤0.50 (optional) | When specified |
| Columbium (Nb) | ≤0.06 (optional) | When specified |
ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
The physical properties listed below are representative for ASME SA514 Grade S in the quenched-and-tempered condition at room temperature, unless otherwise noted. These values are useful for engineering calculations involving heat transfer, thermal expansion, and electrical resistivity. Data are derived from similar Q&T low-alloy steels and validated against published reference sources.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7850 | kg/m³ | 20 °C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 205 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 80 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.30 | — | 20 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 11.7 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–100 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 12.5 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–200 °C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (α) | 13.2 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–300 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 45 | W/(m·K) | 20 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity (c) | 475 | J/(kg·K) | 20 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.22 × 10⁻⁶ | Ω·m | 20 °C |
ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil Mechanical Properties
The following tensile and bending requirements apply to ASME SA514 Grade S steel plates and coils in the quenched-and-tempered condition. Yield strength and tensile strength are valid for all thicknesses up to 50 mm (2 in.). Elongation and bend test criteria vary with material thickness. No mandatory impact energy is stipulated by the standard; impact tests are optional and values must be agreed upon at the time of order.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Condition / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥690 | MPa | 0.2% offset, all thicknesses |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 760–895 | MPa | All thicknesses |
| Elongation (A) | ≥18 | % | Gauge length 50 mm, thickness ≤19 mm (3/4 in.) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥17 | % | Gauge length 50 mm, thickness >19 to 50 mm (>3/4 to 2 in.) |
| Bend Test (Mandrel Diameter) | 2t | — | Thickness ≤12.5 mm (1/2 in.) |
| Bend Test (Mandrel Diameter) | 2.5t | — | Thickness >12.5 to 25 mm (>1/2 to 1 in.) |
| Bend Test (Mandrel Diameter) | 3t | — | Thickness >25 to 38 mm (>1 to 1.5 in.) |
| Bend Test (Mandrel Diameter) | 3.5t | — | Thickness >38 to 50 mm (>1.5 to 2 in.) |
ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Substitutable Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM A514/A514M | Grade S | Identical to ASME SA514 Grade S |
| European Union | EN 10025-6 | S690Q | Closest international equivalent; verify chemical restrictions for boron/vanadium |
| Japan | JIS G3128 | SHY 685N | Similar Q&T high-strength steel with comparable strength range |
| International | ISO 630-6 | S690Q | Equivalent based on latest ISO standard |
ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil Application Introduction
ASME SA514 Grade S is engineered for demanding structural applications where high strength-to-weight ratio, weldability, and abrasion resistance are critical. Its consistent mechanical properties after Q&T processing make it suitable for heavy fabrications in mobile equipment, infrastructure, and pressure-retaining structures. The steel can be cold formed to limited radii, machined, and welded using low-hydrogen practices with appropriate preheat and interpass temperatures.
Product Applications: Mobile crane telescopic booms and lattice structures, Dump truck bodies and excavator buckets, Oil sand and mining haul truck frames, Bridge girders and structural nodes, High-pressure vessels and gas cylinders, Offshore platform components
Processed into products: Welded box sections and fabricated beams, Pin-connected linkage arms and booms, Chassis rails and cross members for heavy vehicles, Shear blades and wear-resistant liners, Bulkhead and stiffener plates in ships/offshore, Bolted or welded splice plates and gussets
Application industries: Heavy construction and infrastructure, Mining, quarrying, and earthmoving, Material handling and crane manufacturing, Transportation (heavy vehicles, trailers), Pressure vessel and offshore engineering
ASME SA514 Grade S High-Strength Steel Coil Similar / Close-Alternative Material Recommendations
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EN 10025-6 | S690QL | Low-temperature notch toughness variant with similar strength |
| European Union | EN 10025-6 | S890Q | Higher strength class (890 MPa yield) for similar structural applications |
| USA | ASTM A709/A709M | Grade HPS 100W | High-performance structural steel with comparable yield, used in bridges |
| China | GB/T 16270 | Q690D | Chinese Q&T high-strength plate, approximate equivalent |
Notes:
Supplementary requirements such as Charpy V-notch impact testing (e.g., S5 at -20 °C, -40 °C) and ultrasonic examination (S8) can be specified in the purchase order. Weldability: low-hydrogen procedures are essential; preheat and interpass temperature must be controlled, typically 150–200 °C. Post-weld heat treatment is generally not recommended for Q&T grades as it can reduce strength. For cold forming, minimum bend radii should follow the recommendations in ASME SA514; exceeding the specified bend radii may require stress relief of the formed part.
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