04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel: High-Strength Precipitation Hardening Plate & Coil to GB/T 4237
Complete material data for 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al precipitation hardening stainless steel plate/coil under GB/T 4237, with chemical composition, mechanical and physical properties, global equivalents, and application guidelines.
Forming, machining, welding (with preheat/post-weld heat treatment), solution annealing, aging, pickling, descaling
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04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel Introduction
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al is a precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steel specified in GB/T 4237 for hot-rolled stainless steel plates and coils. This grade offers an excellent combination of high strength, good toughness, and corrosion resistance after simple low-temperature aging treatment. In the solution-annealed condition it exhibits moderate formability and machinability, making it suitable for complex structural components. When aged, the alloy achieves ultra-high strength levels (tensile strength up to ~1500 MPa) while retaining good ductility and superior transverse mechanical properties compared to many other PH grades. Its low carbon content and balanced alloying with chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and aluminum provide resistance to general corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in various environments, including atmospheric, marine, and industrial media. This datasheet compiles standardized chemical, mechanical, and physical properties, plus international equivalent standards to support material selection and global sourcing.
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel Chemical Composition
The chemical composition conforms to GB/T 20878 and GB/T 4237 for grade 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al. Controlled additions of molybdenum and aluminum are essential for precipitation strengthening via NiAl-type intermetallic phases during aging. Low carbon content ensures good weldability and corrosion resistance.
| Element | Standard Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.05 | Max |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.50 | Max |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤0.50 | Max |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.030 | Max |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.015 | Max |
| Chromium (Cr) | 12.50 – 13.50 | |
| Nickel (Ni) | 7.50 – 8.50 | |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 2.00 – 3.00 | |
| Aluminum (Al) | 0.90 – 1.35 | Key hardening element |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤0.01 | Not mandatory in GB/T 20878; added for completeness |
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
Physical properties are typical for 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al (13-8 PH type) in the solution-annealed condition. Values may vary slightly depending on product form and heat treatment history. Data collected from published technical literature and international equivalent grade specifications (UNS S13800, 1.4534). Thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity increase with temperature; electrical resistivity also rises with temperature.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.76 | g/cm³ | Room temperature |
| Modulus of elasticity (E) | 203 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Shear modulus (G) | 77 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.28 | – | Room temperature |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 10.6 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–100°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 10.9 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–200°C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.2 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20–300°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 14.0 | W/(m·K) | at 100°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 15.7 | W/(m·K) | at 300°C |
| Specific heat capacity | 460 | J/(kg·K) | Room temperature |
| Electrical resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.60 | µΩ·m | Room temperature |
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties listed are the minimum requirements according to GB/T 4237 for plate/coil in the solution-annealed condition. Higher strength levels can be achieved through aging at temperatures between 510°C and 620°C. Data are valid for thickness up to 100 mm. No impact or bending requirements are specified in the standard for this delivery condition.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield strength (Rp0.2) | ≥550 | MPa | Solution annealed, room temperature |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | ≥850 | MPa | Solution annealed, room temperature |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥20 | % | 50 mm gauge length |
| Hardness | ≤321 | HBW | Solution annealed |
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Substitute Designations
| Region | Standard/Specification | Designation/Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 4237, GB/T 20878 | 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al (S51380) | Original designation |
| USA | ASTM A693/A693M, AMS 5864 | UNS S13800 (XM-13) | Plate, sheet, and strip |
| USA | AMS 5629 | 13-8 PH | Bars, forgings |
| Europe | EN 10028-7, EN 10088-3 | X3CrNiMoAl13-8-2 (1.4534) | Plate, bar, forgings |
| Japan | JIS G 4304 (developmental) | SUSPH13-8Mo | Limited commercial availability, consult mill |
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel Application Introduction
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al is primarily used in applications where high strength, corrosion resistance, and reliability are critical. The alloy can be easily formed in the solution-annealed condition and then age-hardened at relatively low temperatures (510–620°C), minimizing distortion and reducing processing costs compared to cold-worked hardening stainless steels. Outstanding transverse mechanical properties and notch toughness make it superior to many 17-4 PH type grades for thick sections and demanding dynamic loading conditions.
Product Applications: High-strength corrosion-resistant plates and coils, Precision forgings and machined parts, Aerospace bracket and hinge components, Pressure vessel shells and heads, Nuclear control rod drive mechanisms, Marine hydrofoil struts and rudder stocks, Downhole drilling and completion tools
Processed into products: Structural airframe beams and frames, High-strength bolts, nuts, and pins (up to high fasteners grades), Shaft sleeves and wear rings, Valve stems and seats, Compressor blades and discs, Springs and retaining rings, Medical scissors and forceps, Cryogenic valve bodies and adapters
Application industries: Aerospace (airframe, landing gear, fasteners, actuators), Defense (ordnance components, missile parts, armor), Nuclear (reactor internals, control rod mechanisms, valves), Marine & offshore (propeller shafts, pump shafts, bolts, fasteners exposed to seawater), Oil & gas (downhole tools, high-strength couplings, hangers), Chemical process equipment (valve bodies, high-pressure fittings), Medical (surgical instruments, orthopedic implants where high strength and biocompatibility needed), Cryogenics (components requiring toughness at sub-zero temperatures)
04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al Stainless Steel Similar / Alternative Material Recommendations
| Region | Standard | Designation | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 4237 | 05Cr15Ni5Cu4Nb (15-5 PH) | Similar precipitation hardening mechanism, slightly lower strength but excellent toughness; good alternative if 13-8 Mo not available |
| USA | ASTM A693 | UNS S15500 (15-5 PH) | Equivalent to 05Cr15Ni5Cu4Nb, copper-based hardening, good corrosion resistance |
| USA | ASTM A693 | UNS S17400 (17-4 PH) | Higher chromium, slightly different hardening kinetics, commonly used but with lower transverse ductility |
| Europe | EN 10088-3 | X5CrNiCuNb16-4 (1.4542) | Widely available PH stainless, strength similar after aging but less resistance to stress corrosion cracking in chloride environments |
| All | Custom 455, 465, 475 grades | Proprietary alloys | Higher performance but may require licensing; suitable for demanding aerospace applications needing higher strength or fracture toughness |
Notes:
Heat treatment processing: Typical solution annealing is performed at 927±15°C with rapid air/oil cooling. Age hardening can be carried out at 510°C (H950 condition) for peak strength, up to 620°C (H1150) for improved toughness and stress relief. Welding: Can be welded using matching filler metal (e.g., ER13-8 Mo) with preheat and post-weld aging if required. Surface finish: Available in hot-rolled, pickled, and descaled surface. Subsequent polishing or machining may be needed for critical surfaces. Contact your supplier for specific thickness tolerances and available dimensions according to GB/T 4237.
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