S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section
S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section - EN 10219 LSAW Pipe Material Data
Complete material analysis for EN 10219 S355J2H LSAW pipe: chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties, international equivalents, and application guidance.
Cold forming, longitudinal submerged arc welding (LSAW), optional stress relief heat treatment
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S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section Introduction
S355J2H is a structural steel grade for cold-formed welded hollow sections, governed by the European standard EN 10219. The designation indicates a minimum yield strength of 355 MPa, impact toughness of 27 J at -20 °C (J2), and suitability for hollow structural profiles (H). This material is extensively used in building and civil engineering due to its excellent strength-to-weight ratio, good weldability, and reliable low-temperature toughness. Manufactured through the LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) process, the pipe offers consistent mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy, making it ideal for demanding structural applications like offshore platforms, bridges, and heavy machinery.
S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section Chemical Composition
The chemical composition complies with EN 10219-1 requirements for S355J2H. Total aluminium content ensures fine grain and full deoxidation. Limits for residual elements guarantee consistent weldability and toughness.
- CEV (max): 0.45% for thicknesses ≤ 16 mm, 0.47% for thicknesses > 16 mm.
- Elements not listed are incidental and controlled to standard residual levels.
| Element | Standard Value (max, wt%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.22 | Heat analysis |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.55 | Heat analysis |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.60 | Heat analysis |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.035 | Heat analysis |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.035 | Heat analysis |
| Chromium (Cr) | ≤ 0.30 | Heat analysis |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤ 0.50 | Heat analysis |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤ 0.10 | Heat analysis |
| Vanadium (V) | ≤ 0.20 | Heat analysis |
| Niobium (Nb) | ≤ 0.05 | Heat analysis |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≤ 0.05 | Heat analysis |
| Aluminium (Al total) | ≥ 0.020 | Minimum for grain refinement |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤ 0.55 | When required by agreement |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 0.017 | When aluminium is not sufficient to bind nitrogen |
S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
Physical properties are typical for structural carbon-manganese steel at room temperature, unless otherwise noted. These values are not mandatory in EN 10219 but serve as engineering references. Thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity may vary slightly with temperature.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition / Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | At 20 °C |
| Modulus of elasticity (E) | 210 | GPa | At 20 °C |
| Shear modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | Calculated from E and ν |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | At 20 °C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 12.0 × 10⁻⁶ | K⁻¹ | Between 20 °C and 100 °C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 50 | W/(m·K) | At 20 °C |
| Specific heat capacity | 460 | J/(kg·K) | At 20 °C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρₑ) | 0.22 | µΩ·m | At 20 °C |
S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties are determined on test pieces taken from the hollow section in the as-delivered condition. Values vary with wall thickness. Impact test is performed on longitudinal V-notch Charpy specimens at -20 °C. The bend test demonstrates formability with a mandrel diameter depending on thickness, requiring no cracks after 180° bending.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 355 | MPa | Wall thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 345 | MPa | Wall thickness 16 < t ≤ 40 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 335 | MPa | Wall thickness 40 < t ≤ 63 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 325 | MPa | Wall thickness 63 < t ≤ 80 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 470 – 630 | MPa | All thicknesses |
| Elongation after fracture (A) | ≥ 22 | % | Longitudinal, gauge length 5.65√S₀ |
| Bend test – mandrel diameter | 3t | – | Bending angle 180°, t ≤ 16 mm |
| Bend test – mandrel diameter | 4t | – | Bending angle 180°, 16 < t ≤ 40 mm |
| Impact energy (KV) | ≥ 27 | J | At -20 °C, longitudinal Charpy V-notch |
S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Substitute Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EN 10219 | S355J2H | Identical – cold-formed welded hollow sections |
| International (ISO) | ISO 4951-2 | S355J2H | Equivalent – high yield strength cold-formed hollow sections |
| China | GB/T 6728 | Q345D | Cold-formed hollow section; -20 °C impact, comparable properties |
| European Union | EN 10210 | S355J2H | Hot-finished hollow section; modified mechanical and delivery conditions |
S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section Application Introduction
EN 10219 S355J2H LSAW pipes are designed for demanding structural applications where high strength, toughness, and weldability are essential. The material performs reliably in both static and dynamic load conditions, even at low ambient temperatures. Typical processing includes cutting, welding, bending, and galvanizing. Important sectors are listed below.
Product Applications: Steel pipe piles and foundation tubes, Lattice towers and communication masts, Structural frames for industrial plants, Rolled and welded beams, Wind turbine towers
Processed into products: Columns and struts, Truss chords and braces, Crane runway girders, Boom sections for mobile cranes, Deck legs and jack-up legs for offshore rigs
Application industries: Building and civil engineering (high-rise structures, stadiums), Bridge construction (trusses, arch bridges), Offshore and marine engineering (platforms, jack-up legs, wind turbine foundations), Material handling and heavy machinery (crane booms, conveyor systems), Transport (trailer frames, railway infrastructure)
S355J2H Cold-Formed Welded Structural Hollow Section Similar / Comparable Substitute Materials
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EN 10219 | S355J0H | Impact at 0 °C instead of -20 °C; lower toughness requirement |
| European Union | EN 10219 | S355K2H | Higher impact guarantee (≥40 J at -20 °C) |
| USA | ASTM A500 | Grade C | Similar yield strength (~345 MPa); no mandatory impact requirement |
| Germany | DIN 17100 | St52-3 | Older standard; equivalent strength but different toughness specification |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q355D | Hot-rolled structural steel plate; used for hollow sections when cold-formed |
Notes:
The S355J2H grade offers excellent through-thickness properties and good lamellar tearing resistance when a CEV ≤ 0.45% is maintained. For LSAW pipes, the longitudinal weld is fully inspected by ultrasonic or radiographic testing per EN 10219 requirements. Post-weld heat treatment is generally not required for thicknesses up to 30 mm, provided adequate preheat and interpass temperatures are applied. Corrosion protection can be achieved by hot-dip galvanizing or painting. The material is fully recyclable and compliant with EU Construction Products Regulation (CPR).
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