JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe
JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe - 520 MPa Weldable Structural Steel Tube for Low-Temperature Service
Complete material data for JIS G3106 SM520C ERW pipe: chemical composition, mechanical & physical properties, international equivalents and typical applications in structural engineering.
Electric resistance welding (ERW), hot rolling, cold forming, gas metal arc welding, shielded metal arc welding, submerged arc welding
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JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe Introduction
SM520C is a hot-rolled, high-strength weldable structural steel grade defined by JIS G3106, intended for electric resistance welded (ERW) pipe and other welded structures. It offers a minimum tensile strength of 520 MPa and guaranteed impact energy absorption at 0 °C, making it suitable for low-temperature environments. The material is characterized by good weldability, toughness, and reliable forming properties, widely used in bridges, buildings, offshore structures, and various machinery. Its controlled carbon equivalent ensures easy field welding without preheating under normal conditions.
JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe Chemical Composition
Chemical composition according to JIS G3106:2015 for SM520C. Values are maximum limits unless a range is indicated. Microalloying elements such as Nb, V, Ti may be added singly or in combination to achieve required mechanical properties; their total content typically does not exceed 0.15%. Carbon equivalent (Ceq) is commonly controlled below 0.44% for better weldability although not mandatory in the standard.
| Element | Specified Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.20 | Maximum |
| Si | ≤ 0.55 | Maximum |
| Mn | ≤ 1.65 | Maximum |
| P | ≤ 0.035 | Maximum |
| S | ≤ 0.035 | Maximum |
| Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo | Residual, usually ≤ 0.30 each | By agreement |
| Microalloys (Nb, V, Ti) | Addition permitted, combined ≤ 0.15 | Optional for strengthening |
JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
Typical physical properties for SM520C are based on generic low‑alloy carbon steel data. These values are suitable for engineering calculations; slight variations may occur depending on actual chemical composition and processing. All data correspond to room temperature unless otherwise noted.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Test Condition / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | 20 °C |
| Elastic Modulus (E) | 210 | GPa | Room temperature |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | Calculated from E and ν |
| Poisson's Ratio (ν) | 0.3 | — | Room temperature |
| Thermal Expansion Coeff. (α) | 11.7 | x10⁻⁶ /K | 20 – 100 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity (λ) | 51.9 | W/(m·K) | 20 °C |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 486 | J/(kg·K) | 20 °C |
| Electrical Resistivity (ρₑ) | 0.17 | x10⁻⁶ Ω·m | 20 °C |
JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe Mechanical Properties
Tensile and impact properties as specified in JIS G3106 for SM520C ERW pipe base metal. Applicable to material thicknesses up to 50 mm. For ERW pipe, strip thickness normally ranges from 1.6 mm to 12.7 mm. Test specimens are taken longitudinally or transversely according to product form. Charpy V‑notch tests are conducted at 0 °C with a minimum energy of 27 J (longitudinal). Bending test 180° over specified former diameter.
| Property | Specified Requirement | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 365 | MPa | Thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Yield Strength (ReH) | ≥ 355 | MPa | 16 < Thickness ≤ 40 mm |
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | 520 – 635 | MPa | All thicknesses ≤ 50 mm |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 15 | % | Thickness ≤ 5 mm (JIS No.5 specimen) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 19 | % | 5 < Thickness ≤ 16 mm (JIS No.1A/No.1) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 23 | % | 16 < Thickness ≤ 50 mm (JIS No.1) |
| Bend Test (180°) | D = 1.5t | — | Thickness ≤ 8 mm |
| Bend Test (180°) | D = 2.0t | — | Thickness > 8 mm |
| Charpy V-notch (KV) | ≥ 27 | J | 0 °C, longitudinal direction |
JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe Identical / Directly Equivalent Standards & Replaceable Grades
No international standard provides a fully identical steel grade matching SM520C in order to replace without additional approval. The Korean standard KS D3515 adopts the same designation and technical criteria. All other listed grades are strength-level comparatives only and require design verification.
| Country / Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Korea | KS D3515 | SM520C | Technically identical to JIS G3106 SM520C – direct substitute |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q420C | Higher yield strength (≥420 MPa); chemical and mechanical properties differ – requires evaluation |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S355K2 | Lower yield strength (≥355 MPa) – not a replacement for SM520C but may be considered for less demanding applications |
| USA | ASTM A572/A572M | Grade 55 [380] | Minimum yield 380 MPa, tensile 515‑655 MPa – closest match in ASTM; verify weldability and toughness requirements |
JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe Application Introduction
SM520C ERW pipe finds extensive use in welded structures that require a combination of high strength, good ductility, and proven impact toughness at 0 °C. It is particularly suitable for outdoor constructions in temperate and cold climates, as well as for pressurized systems. The ERW production method yields a consistent, cost‑effective hollow section with repeatable mechanical properties.
Product Applications: Structural hollow sections (circular, rectangular, square), ERW steel pipes for line pipe applications, Tubular columns and beams, Crane booms and arm sections, Conveyor rollers and idlers, Scaffold tubes, Telecommunications towers
Processed into products: Pipe spools and fittings for piping systems, Machined end connectors (flanges, couplings), Welded fabrications such as truss members, braces, Cut‑to‑length structural parts for welding assemblies, Rolled and formed profiles for vehicle chassis, Bushings and sleeves, Heat exchangers shells (if permitted by pressure code)
Application industries: Construction of buildings and civil infrastructure, Bridge engineering, Offshore and marine structures, Agricultural and earth‑moving machinery, Automotive and transportation framework, Water and gas transmission pipelines (low to medium pressure), Scaffolding and temporary structures, Machinery manufacturing
JIS G3106 SM520C ERW Pipe Similar / Comparable Materials for Potential Substitution
These steels fall into the same 520 MPa tensile strength class and are used in welded structures, yet they are not officially equivalent. Substitution should be validated by detailed comparison of chemistry, mechanical properties, and welding procedures.
| Country / Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q420C | Tensile 520‑680 MPa; higher yield (≥420 MPa); suitable for heavy structures at room and low temperatures |
| European Union | EN 10025-3 | S420N / S420NL | Minimum yield 420 MPa, tensile 520‑680 MPa; normalized delivery; NL with improved low‑temperature toughness |
| USA | ASTM A572/A572M | Grade 55 [380] | Yield 380 MPa, tensile 515‑655 MPa; widely used structural grade; not identical in chemistry |
| International | ISO 630‑2 | S420N | Normalized structure steel, yield 420 MPa, tensile 520‑680 MPa; requires careful check of P and S limits |
Notes:
- All data refer to the base metal of JIS G3106 SM520C in hot‑rolled condition. The ERW pipe may exhibit slightly different properties at the weld seam; weld quality must meet JIS G3454 or similar pipe standard.
- For thickness above 50 mm, alternative grades from JIS G3106 (e.g., SM520C with specified higher toughness) or other standards shall be considered.
- Special agreement on carbon equivalent (Ceq ≤ 0.44%) and Pcm is recommended for large‑scale welded structures to prevent cold cracking.
- This datasheet is for informational purpose; always confirm with the latest edition of the standard and mill test certificates.
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