JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe
JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe: High-Strength Structural Steel for Welded Tubes
Detailed material specifications of SM490C steel for ERW pipe, including chemical composition, mechanical properties, and thermal properties.
Electric resistance welding, hot rolling, cold forming, cutting, bending, machining
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JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe Introduction
SM490C is a high-strength carbon-manganese structural steel grade specified in JIS G3106, designed for welded structures. When manufactured into ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) pipes, it offers excellent weldability, good notch toughness at 0°C, and consistent mechanical properties. With a minimum yield strength of 325 MPa and tensile strength between 490-610 MPa, SM490C ERW pipes are widely used in building frames, bridges, offshore structures, and general machinery. The controlled chemistry ensures reliable weld performance and structural integrity under dynamic loads.
JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of SM490C is controlled to achieve the required mechanical properties and weldability. Maximum limits for carbon and impurities are specified to ensure good toughness and welding performance. Values are in weight percent according to JIS G3106 standard.
| Element | Standard Value (%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.18 | Max. |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.55 | Max. |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤1.60 | For thickness ≤40mm; for thickness >40mm, ≤1.65 is applicable |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.035 | Max. |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.035 | Max. |
| Ceq (Carbon Equivalent) | ≤0.47* | Typical guarantee for thickness >40mm, based on formula Ceq = C + Mn/6 + Si/24 + Ni/40 + Cr/5 + Mo/4 + V/14, optional agreement. |
JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe Thermal and Electrical Physical Properties
These physical properties are representative for carbon-manganese structural steel similar to SM490C. They are not mandatory in JIS G3106 but are useful for engineering calculations.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Remarks/Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7.85 | g/cm³ | At room temperature |
| Modulus of elasticity (E) | 210 | GPa | At room temperature |
| Shear modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | Calculated |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.3 | - | At room temperature |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 11.7 | 10⁻⁶/K | 20-100°C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 51 | W/(m·K) | At room temperature |
| Specific heat capacity (c) | 486 | J/(kg·K) | At room temperature |
| Electrical resistivity (ρ_e) | 0.22 | μΩ·m | At room temperature |
JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties of SM490C steel (plate basis, applicable to ERW pipe after considering forming effects). Values depend on thickness. Impact test at 0°C with minimum 47 J.
| Property | Standard Requirement | Unit | Test Condition / Thickness Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥325 | MPa | Thickness ≤16mm |
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥315 | MPa | Thickness 16-40mm |
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥295 | MPa | Thickness 40-75mm |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 490 - 610 | MPa | All thickness up to 75mm |
| Elongation (A) | ≥22 | % | Gauge length: No.5 specimen (thickness ≤5mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥17 | % | Gauge length: 1A specimen (thickness >5-16mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥21 | % | Gauge length: 1A specimen (thickness >16-50mm) |
| Elongation (A) | ≥23 | % | Gauge length: 1A specimen (thickness >50-75mm) |
| Charpy impact energy (KV) | ≥47 | J | At 0°C, V-notch, longitudinal, average of 3 tests, min single 33 J |
JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe Fully Equivalent Material Standards and Grades
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G3106 | SM490C | Original specification |
| Europe | EN 10025-2 | S355J0 | Comparable yield and tensile, impact at 0°C, chemistry slightly different |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q355C | Similar strength and impact temperature |
| USA | ASTM A572/A572M | Grade 50 Type 1 | May require supplementary requirement for notch toughness; ASTM A709 Gr.50T for bridges |
| International | ISO 4950-2 | E355D | High yield strength structural steel, impact at 0°C |
| Korea | KS D 3515 | SM490C | Similar to JIS |
| India | IS 2062 | E355C | Comparable properties |
JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe Application Introduction
SM490C ERW pipe is a versatile structural hollow section. Its combination of high strength, good weldability, and guaranteed 0°C impact toughness makes it suitable for primary load-bearing members in construction and engineering structures. Typical uses include:
Product Applications: Rectangular, square, and circular hollow sections (ERW pipes), Structural columns and beams, Tubular trusses and space frames, Piling and foundation casings, Scaffolding and formwork systems, Road safety barriers and guardrails
Processed into products: Welded tube assemblies for building frames, Beam-column connection components, Crane lattice booms and jibs, Offshore jacket legs and bracing, Bridge structural elements (arch ribs, cross beams), Machinery frames and housings
Application industries: Construction and civil engineering (building frames, stadiums, bridges), Offshore and marine structures (platforms, jackets, piles), Machinery and equipment (crane booms, conveyors, chassis), Transmission towers and telecommunication poles, Transportation (trailers, truck frames), Agricultural and industrial equipment
JIS G3106 SM490C ERW Pipe Similar or Analogous Material Substitutes
| Country/Region | Standard | Grade | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G3106 | SM490B | Same properties but impact test at 0°C? No, SM490B impact at 0°C but min 27J; C is better |
| Japan | JIS G3106 | SM490YA | Improved atmospheric corrosion resistance, similar strength |
| Europe | EN 10025-3 | S355N/NL | Normalized rolled, fine grain, better toughness |
| USA | ASTM A572 | Grade 55 | Higher strength, may need CVN testing specified |
| China | GB/T 1591 | Q355D | Better low-temperature impact at -20°C |
| API | API 5L | X52 (L360) | Pipeline steel, similar strength, different toughness requirements |
Notes:
ERW pipe manufactured from SM490C steel should follow relevant pipe standards such as JIS G3444 (STK490) or JIS G3466 (STKR490) for square/rectangular tubes. The actual pipe dimensions, tolerances, and supplementary testing (e.g., flattening, flare, hydrotest) are not part of JIS G3106 but may be required by the product specification. Carbon equivalent or PCM (weld cracking parameter) may be specified in purchase orders to ensure weldability. Always verify the latest standard revision for updates.
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