EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe
EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe: Complete Material Data, Properties & Global Equivalents
Authoritative material analysis of EN10025-2 S235J2 non-alloy structural steel, widely used in spiral submerged arc welded (SSAW) pipes. Includes chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties, international cross-references, and application guidance.
Welding (SAW, SMAW, GMAW), hot forming, cold forming, machining, cutting
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EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe Introduction
S235J2 is a non-alloy structural steel grade specified in the European standard EN 10025-2:2004. It belongs to the S235 family with a minimum yield strength of 235 MPa and a J2 quality designation indicating guaranteed impact energy of 27 J at -20 °C.
- Excellent weldability and formability
- Fully killed, fine-grain steel with controlled nitrogen and aluminum content
- Commonly supplied in as-rolled (+AR) or normalized (+N) condition for structural hollow sections
- Ideal for spiral submerged arc welded (SSAW) pipes used in water, oil, gas transmission, and structural applications
EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of S235J2 is defined in EN 10025-2:2004. The steel is fully killed and fine-grained, with aluminum used for grain refinement. Nitrogen content is controlled for improved toughness. Residual elements like chromium, nickel, and molybdenum are limited to avoid unexpected hardenability. Values are maximum unless a range is specified.
| Chemical Element | Standard Value (%) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.17 | For product thickness ≤ 40 mm |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.55 | Typical range 0.15–0.35 for fully killed practice |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 1.40 | Maximum for long products and flat products |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.025 | S content applies to ladle analysis |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.025 | P content applies to ladle analysis |
| Nitrogen (N) | ≤ 0.014 | For aluminum-killed steel, typical ≤ 0.012 |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤ 0.55 | Residual element, not intentionally added |
| Others (Cr, Ni, Mo) | Cr ≤ 0.30, Ni ≤ 0.30, Mo ≤ 0.08 | Residual limits according to standard |
EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe Physical Properties
The following physical properties are typical for non-alloy structural steels and are not mandatory requirements of EN 10025-2. They are provided for design and calculation purposes. Values may slightly vary with exact composition, heat treatment, and temperature.
| Property | Typical Value | Unit | Condition / Temperature |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density (ρ) | 7850 | kg/m³ | 20 °C |
| Elastic modulus (E) | 210 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Shear modulus (G) | 81 | GPa | 20 °C |
| Poisson's ratio (ν) | 0.3 | – | 20 °C |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (α) | 12.0 × 10⁻⁶ | K⁻¹ | 20–100 °C |
| Thermal conductivity (λ) | 53 | W/(m·K) | 20 °C |
| Specific heat capacity (cp) | 460 | J/(kg·K) | 20 °C |
| Electrical resistivity (ρe) | 0.15 × 10⁻⁶ | Ω·m | 20 °C |
EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties are in accordance with EN 10025-2:2004. Values vary with product thickness. The impact energy is determined on longitudinal Charpy-V samples at -20 °C. Elongation is measured on a gauge length of 5.65√S₀ (A5) for thickness ≤ 3 mm, and proportional gauge length for thicker sections. Bending test is mandatory unless other agreement exists.
| Property | Required Value | Unit | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 235 | MPa | Thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 225 | MPa | 16 mm < thickness ≤ 40 mm |
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | 40 mm < thickness ≤ 63 mm |
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | 63 mm < thickness ≤ 80 mm |
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 215 | MPa | 80 mm < thickness ≤ 100 mm |
| Upper yield strength (ReH) | ≥ 195 | MPa | 100 mm < thickness ≤ 150 mm |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 360 – 510 | MPa | Thickness ≤ 100 mm |
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 350 – 500 | MPa | 100 mm < thickness ≤ 150 mm |
| Elongation (A, longitudinal) | ≥ 24 | % | Thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Elongation (A, transverse) | ≥ 22 | % | Thickness ≤ 16 mm |
| Elongation (A, longitudinal) | ≥ 23 | % | 16 mm < thickness ≤ 40 mm |
| Elongation (A, longitudinal) | ≥ 22 | % | 40 mm < thickness ≤ 63 mm |
| Elongation (A, longitudinal) | ≥ 22 | % | 63 mm < thickness ≤ 100 mm |
| Charpy impact energy (KV, longitudinal) | ≥ 27 | J | At -20 °C, thickness ≤ 150 mm |
| Bend test (mandrel diameter) | 1 × thickness | – | Thickness ≤ 16 mm, 180° bend |
| Bend test (mandrel diameter) | 1.5 × thickness | – | 16 mm < thickness ≤ 100 mm, 180° bend |
EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe Full Equivalent Material Standards and Designations
| Country / Region | Standard | Designation | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | DIN EN 10025-2 | S235J2 | Identical to EN 10025-2, 1.0117 |
| United Kingdom | BS EN 10025-2 | S235J2 | Formerly BS 4360 Grade 40E (approx.) |
| France | NF EN 10025-2 | S235J2 | Identical adoption of EN |
| Italy | UNI EN 10025-2 | S235J2 | Identical adoption of EN |
| Spain | UNE EN 10025-2 | S235J2 | Identical adoption of EN |
| International | ISO 630-2:2011 | S235B | Similar yield strength, but impact temperature 0 °C; not fully equivalent to J2 |
EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe Application Introduction
S235J2 is a versatile structural steel suitable for welded, bolted, and riveted constructions. Its guaranteed low-temperature toughness makes it especially appropriate for spiral welded pipes exposed to cold climates.
- Excellent weldability with all conventional methods (SAW, SMAW, GMAW)
- Good cold formability for pipe manufacturing
- Available in a wide range of thicknesses for SSAW pipe production
- Compliant with EN 10219 (cold-formed welded structural hollow sections) and EN 10210 (hot-finished) when designated as S235J2H
Product Applications: SSAW (spiral submerged arc welded) pipes, LSAW (longitudinal) pipes, Structural hollow sections (EN 10210/EN 10219), Hot-rolled plates and wide flats for construction, Welded beams and columns, Bridge components, Storage tanks
Processed into products: Pipeline segments and fittings for water/oil transmission, Casing pipes for foundations, Structural tubular trusses and frames, Wind turbine tower sections (lower strength grades), Container frames and chassis, Agricultural equipment structures, Supporting frameworks for industrial plants
Application industries: Construction and civil engineering, Oil and gas transmission (low-pressure lines, water pipelines), Water treatment and distribution, Offshore structural components, Machinery and general engineering, Piling and foundation structures
EN10025-2 S235J2 Steel for SSAW Pipe Similar / Alternative Steel Grades
| Country / Region | Standard | Designation | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235JR | Impact at +20 °C, otherwise identical strength; less tough |
| European Union | EN 10025-2 | S235J0 | Impact at 0 °C; intermediate toughness |
| USA | ASTM A36 / A36M | - | Comparable strength (min 250 MPa yield), but no mandatory impact temperature; often used as substitute |
| USA | ASTM A283 / A283M | Grade C | Tensile 380–515 MPa, yield 205 MPa; lower strength, not impact tested |
| Japan | JIS G 3101 | SS400 | Min tensile 400 MPa, no impact requirement; chemical composition not strictly matched |
| China | GB/T 700 | Q235B | Impact at +20 °C; similar strength, lower toughness |
Notes:
Delivery condition for SSAW pipes: The plate or coil used for pipe fabrication is typically supplied in as-rolled (+AR) or normalized (+N) condition. After pipe forming and welding, no further heat treatment is generally required unless specified by the purchaser. Weldability: S235J2 has a low carbon equivalent (typically ≤0.35–0.40), contributing to excellent weldability without preheating for moderate thicknesses. Always follow the approved welding procedure specification (WPS). Testing and certification: According to EN 10025-2, inspection documents 2.2 or 3.1 as per EN 10204 can be supplied. For SSAW pipes, additional testing per EN 10219 or project specifications may apply.
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